Circulating MicroRNA as Thrombosis Sentinels: Caveats and Considerations

Abstract

The small noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (or miRNAs), have been implicated in a myriad of diseases and accumulating evidence indicate their potential high value as diagnostic biomarkers. Although their roles in hemostasis and coagulation pathways are less defined, many studies have demonstrated their participation in regulating key factors of hemostasis. However, the mounting challenges associated with the accurate measurement of circulating miRNAs and the involvement of platelet activation in contributing to the circulating miRNA expression profile introduce further complexity to the study of thrombosis-associated miRNAs. This review outlines the current knowledge of miRNAs that have been postulated to regulate key hemostatic factors, and miRNA diagnostic panels in thrombotic disease, with a focus on experimental fundamentals, such as selecting condition-specific reference controls, considerations that are crucial for accurate evaluation of miRNAs in the context of disease biomarkers.

Predictive value of circulating coagulation related microRNAs expressions for major adverse cardiac and cerebral event risk in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a cohort study

“…Multiple events of MACCE (such as venous thromboembolism, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke) are mainly caused by thrombosis that is a consequence of the disrupted equilibrium between pro-coagulation and anticoagulation [8,17,18]. In order to decrease the MACCE risk and the related mortality in CAPD patients, mounting studies are performed and they reveal that miRNAs have been identified as the regulators in various physiological functions and pathological conditions, including coagulation process [8,14,[17][18][19]. According to previous data, miRNAs might participate in coagulation mainly through the following mechanisms: (1) directly targeting hemostatic factors (such as fibronectin (FN1) and fibrinogen β chain (FGB));…”

“…miR-92a-3p, which belongs to the miR-17-92 cluster, is identified as a blood coagulation related miRNA that associated with disease risk of some cardiovascular diseases [11,14,20,21]. For instance, a study shows that miR-92a-3p expression were downregulated in blood samples of congestive heart failure patients compared to healthy controls [21].…”

“…A total of 13 blood coagulation related microRNAs were selected referring to a recent review analysis focusing on hemostasis and coagulation pathways related microRNAs [14]. And the relative expressions of 13 microRNAs in the plasma of patients were detected by the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).…”

“…Considering the crucial status of coagulation on affecting MACCE occurrence as we mentioned above, and miRNAs have regulatory effects in coagulation process, we hypothesized that the blood coagulation related miRNAs might be associated with MACCE risk or related prognosis, which might serve as markers for MACCE in CAPD patients, while related evidence is seldomly reported [12,13]. In this study, 13 blood coagulation related miRNAs were selected referring to a recent review analysis focusing on hemostasis and coagulation pathways related miRNAs, and we aimed to investigate the correlation of these coagulation related miRNAs expressions with MACCE risk in patients undergoing long-term CAPD [14].…”

MiR‐9 promotes angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cell to facilitate thrombi recanalization via targeting TRPM7 through PI3K/Akt/autophagy pathway

“…MicroNRAs are short non‐coding RNAs that have been identified with crucial roles in venous thrombosis . Besides, microRNAs play an important role in the modulation of stem cells and angiogenesis .…”