Circular RNA (circRNA) in Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Lukiw, Walter J.

doi:10.3389/fgene.2013.00307

Cited by 556 publications

(446 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is relevant since miR-7 has been characterized as having both oncogenic and tumor suppressive properties, and its function has been implicated in Parkinson disease, stress handling, brain development, and cellular proliferation (Hansen et al 2013b;Memczak et al 2013). Additionally, this circRNA is less abundant in sporadic Alzheimer's disease CA1 hippocampal regions relative to agematched controls (Lukiw 2013). Finally, expression of ciRS-7/CDR1as is induced by stable overexpression of the PrPC prion protein, leading to speculation regarding its potential involvement in prion disease (Hansen et al 2013b).…”

Section: Circrnas In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs: diversity of form and function

Lasda

Parker

2014

RNA

987

793

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It is now clear that there is a diversity of circular RNAs in biological systems. Circular RNAs can be produced by the direct ligation of 5 ′ and 3 ′ ends of linear RNAs, as intermediates in RNA processing reactions, or by "backsplicing," wherein a downstream 5 ′ splice site (splice donor) is joined to an upstream 3 ′ splice site (splice acceptor). Circular RNAs have unique properties including the potential for rolling circle amplification of RNA, the ability to rearrange the order of genomic information, protection from exonucleases, and constraints on RNA folding. Circular RNAs can function as templates for viroid and viral replication, as intermediates in RNA processing reactions, as regulators of transcription in cis, as snoRNAs, and as miRNA sponges. Herein, we review the breadth of circular RNAs, their biogenesis and metabolism, and their known and anticipated functions.

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Section: Circrnas In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs: diversity of form and function

Lasda

Parker

2014

RNA

987

793

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“…[43][44][45][46] CDR1as/ciRS-7 is also strongly miss-regulated in the hippocampal CA1 region of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. 47 Moreover, neural overexpression of CDR1as/ciRS-7 in zebrafish leads to brain developmental defects and impairment in midbrain development, which resembles the phenotype of miR-7 knock-down. 18 The sponge function of circRNAs, and specifically CDR1as/ciRS-7 may hence take an active part in the initiation and progression of PD.…”

Section: Circrnas In Neurodegenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

CircRNAs in the brain

2016

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are highly abundant and evolutionarily conserved non-coding RNAs produced by circularization of specific exons. Since their re-discovery as potential regulators of gene expression, thousands of circRNAs were detected in different tissues and cell types across most organisms. Accumulating data suggest key roles for them in the central nervous system. Neuronal-expressed RNAs are diverted to yield highly enriched CircRNAs in human, mouse, pig and flies, with many of them enriched in neuronal tissues. CircRNA levels are dynamically modulated in neurons, both during differentiation and following bursts of electrical activity, and accumulate with age, and many of them are enriched in synapses. Together, available data suggest that circRNAs have important roles in synaptic plasticity and neuronal function. This review covers current advances in the field and lays out hypotheses regarding functions of circRNAs in the brain as well as their putative involvement in initiation and progression of neurodegenerative processes.

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“…Additionally, CDR1as is significantly reduced in Alzheimer patients, indicating that the CDR1as-miR-7 axis is deregulated and may have a function in Alzheimer disease. 21 …”

Section: Brain Development and Related Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genome-wide RNA-sequencing analyses have now identified a considerable number of circRNAs derived from backsplicing. Although they are generally expressed at low levels, increasing evidence has shown that circRNAs are linked to physiological development 15 and different diseases, such as neurological dystrophy, 21 cardiovascular diseases, [22][23][24][25] and cancer. [26][27][28] Recently, circRNAs have also been shown to be enriched and stable in plasma, 29 saliva, 30 and even in serum exosomes, 31 indicating the potential of circRNAs as readable biomarkers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role and clinical implication of human exonic circular RNA

Lyu

Huang

2016

RNA Biology

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Circular RNA from backspliced exons (or exonic circular RNA, circRNA) is a type of covalently closed noncolinear RNA that was recently rediscovered in eukaryotes. Although circRNAs are often expressed at low levels, emerging evidence indicates that many circRNAs are linked to physiological development and various diseases. Notably, circRNAs have been shown to serve as oncogenic stimuli or tumor suppressors in cancer. circRNAs may regulate gene expression through different mechanisms. In addition, circRNAs have been shown to be useful as biomarkers of diseases due to their stability, specific expression and relation to diseases both in cells and in extracellular fluid. This review summarizes current knowledge of human circRNAs and discusses the emerging role and clinical implication of these multifarious transcripts.

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Circular RNA (circRNA) in Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Cited by 556 publications

References 14 publications

Circular RNAs: diversity of form and function

Circular RNAs: diversity of form and function

CircRNAs in the brain

The emerging role and clinical implication of human exonic circular RNA

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