Circadian regulation of renal function

Abstract

The kidneys regulate many vital functions that require precise control throughout the day. These functions, such as maintaining sodium balance or regulating arterial pressure, rely on an intrinsic clock mechanism that was commonly believed to be controlled by the central nervous system. Mounting evidence in recent years has unveiled previously underappreciated depth of influence by circadian rhythms and clock genes on renal function, at the molecular and physiological level, independent of other external factors. The impact of circadian rhythms in the kidney also affects individuals from a clinical standpoint, as the loss of rhythmic activity or clock gene expression have been documented in various cardiovascular diseases. Fortunately, the prognostic value of examining circadian rhythms may prove useful in determining the progression of a kidney-related disease, and chronotherapy is a clinical intervention that requires consideration of circadian and diurnal rhythms in the kidney. In this review, we discuss evidence of circadian regulation in the kidney from basic and clinical research in order to provide a foundation on which a great deal of future research is needed to expand our understanding of circadian relevant biology.

Characteristics of melatonin-forming disorders of the epiphysis in hemodialysis patients depending on clinical and demographic parameters

“…Протягом останніх років була запропонована гіпотеза щодо взаємозв'язку дисрегуляції метаболізму МТ з дефіцитом ендогенного еритропоетину, що може пояснювати зв'язок порушення МФЕ зі зниженням рівню гемоглобіну та розвитком анемії у хворих на НЗТ. Доведено, що МТ володіє антигіпертензивними, протизапальними та антиапоптичними властивостями х. У експериментальних дослідженнях продемонстрований вплив МТ на зменшення окислювального навантаження, зменшення хронічного запалення та швидкості апоптозу клітин [7,[20][21][22][23]. Ці ефекти тісно пов'язані зі зниженням протеїнурії та пошкодженням паренхіматозних клітин.…”

“…У хворих на ХХН хронобіологічна дія МТ знижує окислювальне навантаження та покращує метаболізм заліза. В інших роботах продемонстрований регулюючий вплив впливу МТ на ШКФ [20,21].…”

Recent advances in understanding the circadian clock in renal physiology

“…Rodents are a useful model when studying circadian rhythms in the kidney due to the similarities in renal function and the daily fluctuations that occur in these functions when compared to humans [10,11]. An important note to consider is that mice and rats are nocturnal, or active during the night, as opposed to humans who are diurnal, or normally active in the day.…”

Metabolic modelling of kidney diseases: Lessons learned from the liver

“…[40][41][42][43][44] The ability of kinetic models to take into account time dependent input in plasma nutrient and hormone composition as well as protein abundances, enables the time-dependent computational assessment of organ functions even in such highly dynamic situations, something that cannot be achieved with other modelling methods like statistical modelling or flux balance models. These are subjected to considerable diurnal variation and constitute a network, where individual habit, gene expression, hormone release and metabolite levels are interdependent.…”

“…These are subjected to considerable diurnal variation and constitute a network, where individual habit, gene expression, hormone release and metabolite levels are interdependent. [40][41][42][43][44] The ability of kinetic models to take into account time dependent input in plasma nutrient and hormone composition as well as protein abundances, enables the time-dependent computational assessment of organ functions even in such highly dynamic situations, something that cannot be achieved with other modelling methods like statistical modelling or flux balance models. 45…”