2007
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0611724104
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Abstract: Circadian rhythms of cell and organismal physiology are controlled by an autoregulatory transcription-translation feedback loop that regulates the expression of rhythmic genes in a tissue-specific manner. Recent studies have suggested that components of the circadian pacemaker, such as the Clock and Per2 gene products, regulate a wide variety of processes, including obesity, sensitization to cocaine, cancer susceptibility, and morbidity to chemotherapeutic agents. To identify a more complete cohort of genes th… Show more

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Cited by 443 publications
(415 citation statements)
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“…Increased Cry1 levels in ES cells compared to differentiated cells 49, 53 might therefore also influence the difference in proliferation rates between these cell types. CLOCK − / − mouse embryonic fibroblasts display hampered proliferation with concomitant overexpression of p21 and p27 , two inhibitors of cellular proliferation 61. In line with this, a recent report demonstrated that CLOCK KO mouse ES cells exhibit decreased proliferation (associated with lower mRNA levels of c‐Myc, Cdk1, and cyclin D1 ) and increased apoptosis, while pluripotency was unaffected 62.…”
Section: Why Are Clock Genes Expressed In Embryonic Stem Cells?mentioning
confidence: 74%
“…Increased Cry1 levels in ES cells compared to differentiated cells 49, 53 might therefore also influence the difference in proliferation rates between these cell types. CLOCK − / − mouse embryonic fibroblasts display hampered proliferation with concomitant overexpression of p21 and p27 , two inhibitors of cellular proliferation 61. In line with this, a recent report demonstrated that CLOCK KO mouse ES cells exhibit decreased proliferation (associated with lower mRNA levels of c‐Myc, Cdk1, and cyclin D1 ) and increased apoptosis, while pluripotency was unaffected 62.…”
Section: Why Are Clock Genes Expressed In Embryonic Stem Cells?mentioning
confidence: 74%
“…20 Though subtle, this could be quite significant as 5-9% of the liver transcriptome and 420% of its secreted proteome are under CR control. 40,41 We traced back higher DBP mRNA levels to higher protein (not mRNA) levels of its transcriptional regulator ARNTL in HET livers. This latter result suggests that hepatic ARNTL is directly or indirectly regulated at the posttranslational level by ubiquitin-editing A20, which would agree with ARNTL incurring posttranslational sumoylation and ubiquitination, 42 and its protein levels being modulated by proteasomal activity.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Components of a molecular clock underlying rhythmic gene expression have been characterized in neurons of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) [23,24], in liver [23][24][25][26][27], heart [26], synchronized fibroblasts [28], adipose tissue [29], adrenal gland [30], skeletal muscle [31], pituitary [32] and pineal [33] glands, calvarial bone [34], as well as in epithelial cells of lung [35,36] and gastrointestinal tract [37][38][39]. In order to ensure proper temporal organization in metabolism and behavior at the level of an organism, the multiple tissue-specific transcriptional oscillations have to be synchronized with the natural 24-hr cycle.…”
Section: Circadian Clock Organizationmentioning
confidence: 99%