Ciliary motion modeling, and dynamic multicilia interactions

Gueron, Shay; Liron, N.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(92)81683-1

Cited by 118 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(58 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

116

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The method has been refined by many workers and used to model 3-dimensional flows in complex, fixed geometries, e.g. to determine the feeding currents in encrusting bryozoan colonies (Grünbaum 1995) and other cilia-driven flows (Grünbaum et al 1998, Gueron & Liron 1992, Gueron & Levit-Gurevich 1998. Singularities have also been used to approximately model unsteady ciliary action, bounding surfaces, and a finite-sized spherical particle to represent the catch-up concept (Mayer 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle capture mechanisms in suspension-feeding invertebrates

Riisgård¹,

Larsen²

2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

205

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A large number of suspension-feeding aquatic animals (e.g. bivalves, polychaetes, ascidians, bryozoans, crustaceans, sponges, echinoderms, cnidarians) have specialized in grazing on not only the 2 to 200 µm phytoplankton but frequently also the 0.5 to 2 µm free-living bacteria, or they have specialized in capturing larger prey, e.g. zooplankton organisms. We review the different particle capture mechanisms in order to illustrate the many solutions to the common problem of obtaining nourishment from a dilute suspension of microscopic food particles. Despite the many differences in morphology and living conditions, particle capture mechanisms may be divided into 2 main types. (1) Filtering or sieving (e.g. through mucus nets, stiff cilia, filter setae), which is found in passive suspension feeders that rely on external currents to bring suspended particles to the filter, and in active suspension feeders that themselves produce a feeding flow by a variety of pump systems. Here the inventiveness of nature does not lie in the capture mechanism but in the type of pump system and filter pore-size. (2) A paddle-like flow manipulating system (e.g. cilia, cirri, tentacles, hair-bearing appendages) that acts to redirect an approaching suspended particle, often along with a surrounding 'fluid parcel', to a strategic location for arrest or further transport. Examples include (1) sieving (e.g. by microvilli in sponge choanocytes, mucus nets in polychaetes, acidians, and salps among others), filter setae in crustaceans, 'ciliary sieving' by stiff laterofrontal cilia in bryozoans and phoronids; and (2) 'cirri trapping' in mussels and other bivalves with eu-laterofrontal cirri, ciliary 'catch-up' in bivalve and gastropod veliger larvae, some polychaetes, entroprocts, and cycliophores. These capture mechanisms may involve contact with a particle, and possibly mechanoreception or chemoreception, or may include redirection of particles by the interaction of multiple currents (e.g. in scallops and other bivalves without eu-laterofrontal cirri). Based on the review, we discuss the current physical and biological understanding of the capture process and suggest a number of specific problems related to particle capture, which may be solved in the future using advanced theoretical, computational and experimental techniques.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle capture mechanisms in suspension-feeding invertebrates

Riisgård¹,

Larsen²

2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

205

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The force of the fluid on an element of the flagella was then calculated using RFT [10,41,45]. In RFT, the force/unit length in the normal and tangential direction, f N and f T , respectively, are obtained by multiplying the velocity components in the normal and tangential direction by the drag coefficients C N and C T. The drag -velocity equations for the force from the fluid on a particular point on the flagella in the laboratory frame are It should be noted that the forces exerted by the flagella on the fluid leading to propulsion are equal and opposite to the forces of the fluid on the flagella as described by equations (4.5a,b).…”

Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the secrets of multi-flagellated propulsion: drawing insights fromTritrichomonas foetus

Lenaghan

Nwandu-Vincent

Reese

et al. 2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, a high-speed imaging platform and a resistive force theory (RFT) based model were applied to investigate multi-flagellated propulsion, using Tritrichomonas foetus as an example. We discovered that T. foetus has distinct flagellar beating motions for linear swimming and turning, similar to the 'run and tumble' strategies observed in bacteria and Chlamydomonas. Quantitative analysis of the motion of each flagellum was achieved by determining the average flagella beat motion for both linear swimming and turning, and using the velocity of the flagella as inputs into the RFT model. The experimental approach was used to calculate the curvature along the length of the flagella throughout each stroke. It was found that the curvatures of the anterior flagella do not decrease monotonically along their lengths, confirming the ciliary waveform of these flagella. Further, the stiffness of the flagella was experimentally measured using nanoindentation, allowing for calculation of the flexural rigidity of T. foetus's flagella, 1.55Â10 221 N m 2 . Finally, using the RFT model, it was discovered that the propulsive force of T. foetus was similar to that of sperm and Chlamydomonas, indicating that multi-flagellated propulsion does not necessarily contribute to greater thrust generation, and may have evolved for greater manoeuvrability or sensing. The results from this study have demonstrated the highly coordinated nature of multiflagellated propulsion and have provided significant insights into the biology of T. foetus.

show abstract

“…Slender body theory, coupled with elastic models of the internal structure of the cilium, has been used to model individual and arrays of cilia. For instance, it was used by Gueron & Liron (1992), Gueron et al (1997), and Gueron & Levit-Gurevich (1999) to demonstrate that, for closely packed ciliary arrays, hydrodynamic interactions between neighboring cilia are sufficient to account for antiplectic metachrony. The role of hydrodynamic coupling in the emergence of the metachronal wave was also confirmed by Elgeti & Gompper (2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing and transport by ciliary carpets: a numerical study

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We use a 3D computational model to study the fluid transport and mixing due to the beating of an infinite array of cilia. In accord with recent experiments, we observe two distinct regions: a fluid transport region above the cilia and a fluid mixing region below the cilia tip. The metachronal wave due to phase differences between neighboring cilia is known to enhance the fluid transport above the ciliary tip. In this work, we show that the metachronal wave also enhances the mixing rates in the sub-ciliary region, often simultaneously with the flow rate enhancement. Our results suggest that this simultaneous enhancement in transport and mixing is due to an enhancement in shear flow. As the flow above the cilia increases, shear rate in the fluid increases and such shear enhances stretching, which is an essential ingredient for mixing. Estimates of the mixing time scale indicate that, compared to diffusion, the mixing due to the cilia beat may be significant and sometimes dominates chemical diffusion.

show abstract

Ciliary motion modeling, and dynamic multicilia interactions

Cited by 118 publications

References 24 publications

Particle capture mechanisms in suspension-feeding invertebrates

Particle capture mechanisms in suspension-feeding invertebrates

Unlocking the secrets of multi-flagellated propulsion: drawing insights fromTritrichomonas foetus

Mixing and transport by ciliary carpets: a numerical study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About