Abstract:Intriguing wooden objects, excavated (mostly unstratigraphically) from peat bogs in the Trans-Urals region of Russia, are here dated by AMS and found to belong to the Aeneolithic and Bronze Age. In spite of a long sojourn in museums, and conservation with various chemicals, the dates obtained were consistent and reliable.
“…In recognition of this we expect that AMS samples 1 and 4, taken closest to the surface (Figure 5), have a higher probability of being affected by such treatments (see Chairkina et al . 2013). This is corroborated by a strong correlation between the distance of the sample from the surface of the sculpture and the AMS results (Figure S7): AMS dates are increasingly older towards the inner part of the sculpture.…”
“…In recognition of this we expect that AMS samples 1 and 4, taken closest to the surface (Figure 5), have a higher probability of being affected by such treatments (see Chairkina et al . 2013). This is corroborated by a strong correlation between the distance of the sample from the surface of the sculpture and the AMS results (Figure S7): AMS dates are increasingly older towards the inner part of the sculpture.…”
“…Seemingly, this sculpture is similar to the previous gure and to that of the 1931 excavations. An AMS date of 5070 ± 60 BP ( -86207) or 3970-3710 BC was obtained for this fragment (Chairkina, Kuzmin, Burr, 2013 as entry No. 600 that were discovered in the spoil heap in sector 391 (Eding, 1936).…”
Section: The Metal Ages and Medieval Periodmentioning
“…Cultural layers of these wetland sites were formed when conditions were suitable for the creation of peat bogs and/or lakes in depressions. Due to the waterlogged conditions, numerous perishable artifacts made of wood, bark, and bone have survived and have been subsequently recovered and radiocarbon dated (see Chairkina et al 2013). Figure 1 Position of investigated sites in the Trans-Urals: 1 – Beregovaya 2, Beregovaya 13 (Filin Ostrov), Strelka, Gorbunovo; 2 – Shigir Fortress, Shigirskoe A, Varga 2, Annin Ostrov (also initial location of Big Shigir Idol and items of Shigir collection); 3 – Koksharovo-Yurinskaya 1–2, Koksharovsky Kholm; 4 – Pokrovsk-Uralskoe 7; 5 – Ust-Vagilsky Kholm; 6 – Nizhnee Ozero 3; 7 – Uklon 7; 8 – Zhilishche Sokola; 9 – Burmantovsky Grotto; 10 – Shuvakish 1; 11 – Elnichnoe 1A; and 12 – Shaitanskoe Ozero 2.…”
The chronology of the Mesolithic, Neolithic, Aeneolithic, and Bronze Age sites in the Trans-Urals (Russia) was studied, and a framework for previously established cultural complexes is suggested based on 153 radiocarbon dates. In this new chronological model, the Mesolithic is dated to ~10,000–6500 cal BC; the Neolithic complexes exist at ~6500–3800 cal BC; the Aeneolithic is dated to ~4300–2800 cal BC; the Early Bronze Age spans ~2500–2100 cal BC; and the Late Bronze Age can be preliminary assigned to ~1600–1100 cal BC.
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