Chronic Toxicity of Fumonisin in Weanling Pigs

Casteel, Stan W.; Turk, James R.; Cowart, R. P.; Rottinghaus, George E.

doi:10.1177/104063879300500319

Cited by 68 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Kilic and Akay (2008) found that serum TP of rats fed GM maize was lower only compared with rats fed non-GM maize but was similar to that of rats fed a commercial control diet. However, in these studies, mycotoxin contamination was not investigated and it has been shown that mycotoxins could lead to liver damage, and thus reduced serum TP (Casteel et al, 1993). Similar to findings from the present study, the lower serum TP observed by Schrøder et al (2007) in rats did not occur in conjunction with histological or organ weight changes, thus questioning the biological relevance of this alteration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Elevated serum GGT and changes in nuclei structure were observed in the liver of lambs fed GM maize (Trabalza-Marinucci et al, 2008). Unlike our study, these studies did not completely investigate the potential for contamination of the GM maize, as it has been shown that contaminants such as mycotoxins are known to affect liver histology and liver health indicator enzymes (Casteel et al, 1993). In any case, further work is needed to investigate why these effects were observed in these previous studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…The change in serum AST found in GM maize-fed pigs was not correlated with a change in liver weight or evidence of histopathology. Liver toxicity is characterized by a 10-to 70-fold increase in AST and a 5-to 10-fold concomitant increase of ALP and GGT (Kaneko, 1980;Casteel et al, 1993), none of which were evident in this study. In addition, the observed differences in AST were minor, were not correlated with histopathology and the values were all within the normal reference intervals for pigs of this age (Stonard, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

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Effect of feeding genetically modified Bt MON810 maize to ∼40-day-old pigs for 110 days on growth and health indicators

Buzoianu

Walsh

Rea

et al. 2012

animal

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A total of 72 male weaned pigs were used in a 110-day study to investigate the effect of feeding genetically modified (GM) Bt MON810 maize on selected growth and health indicators. It was hypothesised that in pigs fed Bt maize, growth and health are not impacted compared with pigs fed isogenic maize-based diets. Following a 12-day basal period, pigs (10.7 ± 1.9 kg body weight (BW); ∼40 days old) were blocked by weight and ancestry and randomly assigned to treatments: (1) non-GM maize diet for 110 days (non-GM), (2) GM maize diet for 110 days (GM), (3) non-GM maize diet for 30 days followed by GM maize diet up to day 110 (non-GM/GM) and (4) GM maize diet for 30 days followed by non-GM maize diet up to day 110 (GM/non-GM). BW and daily feed intake were recorded on days 0, 30, 60 and 110 (n= 15). Body composition was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (n= 10) on day 80. Following slaughter on day 110, organs and intestines were weighed and sampled for histological analysis and urine was collected for biochemical analysis (n= 10). Serum biochemistry analysis was performed on days 0, 30, 60, 100 and 110. Growth performance and serum biochemistry were analysed as repeated measures with time and treatment as main factors. Thesliceoption of SAS was used to determine treatment differences at individual time points. There was no effect of feeding GM maize on overall growth, body composition, organ and intestinal weight and histology or serum biochemistry on days 60 and 100 and on urine biochemistry on day 110. A treatment × time interaction was observed for serum urea (SU;P< 0.05), creatinine (SC;P< 0.05) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST;P< 0.05). On day 30, SU was lower for the non-GM/GM treatment compared with the non-GM, GM and GM/non-GM treatments (P< 0.05). On day 110, SC was higher for the non-GM/GM and GM/non-GM treatments compared with non-GM and GM treatments (P< 0.05). Overall, serum total protein was lower for the GM/non-GM treatment compared with the non-GM/GM treatment (P< 0.05). The magnitude of change observed in some serum biochemical parameters did not indicate organ dysfunction and the changes were not accompanied by histological lesions. Long-term feeding of GM maize to pigs did not adversely affect growth or the selected health indicators investigated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

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Effect of feeding genetically modified Bt MON810 maize to ∼40-day-old pigs for 110 days on growth and health indicators

Buzoianu

Walsh

Rea

et al. 2012

animal

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“…This F. moniliforme culture material was mixed with com lacking FB 1 , and the resulting mixture was reassayed. The average fumonisin B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 levels in the final corn mixture fed to cattle was 328 FB 1 , 89 ppm FB 2 , and 23 ppm FB 3 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Many nations, including the United States, have maintained piroplasmosis-, dourine-, and glanders-free equine populations for many years. 1,3,6 Four separate complement fixation tests (CFT) are usually conducted for serodiagnostic purposes, 1 CFT for antibodies against each of the infectious agents. 2,3 The OIE also prescribes alternative test methods, and these must be used with sera that produce anticomplementary or otherwise spurious reactions in the CFT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Experimental Fumonisin Intoxication of Calves

Baker

Rottinghaus

1999

J VET Diagn Invest

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Fumonisins are structurally related mycotoxins produced by the mold Fusarium moniliforme, which is the most common fungal contaminant of com. Fumonisin (FB 1 ) is the most abundant of the fumonisins produced by F. moniliforme. The fumonisins cause encephalomalacia in horses 11 and pulmonary hypertension with pulmonary artery medial hypertrophy and right ventricular hypertrophy in swine, 4,21 are hepatotoxic in most animal species 3,[8][9][10]14,24 and carcinogenic in rats 6 and possibly people, 22 and are nephrotoxic in rats and rabbits. 8,24 Swine also exhibit altered myocardial function when exposed to fumonisins, and porcine cultured endothelium exhibits disruption of barrier function when FB 1 is present. 7,21 Previously, cattle fed fumonisins experimentally for short periods of time to determine the effects exhibited only minimal hepatic and immune function changes. 14,15 Cattle in feed lots are fed large quantities of corn for weight gain and occasionally develop pulmonary hypertension and congestive heart failure even at altitudes that are not usually considered a risk for pulmonary hypertension. This experiment was conducted to determine if cattle develop pulmonary hypertension in response to consumption of fumonisins for prolonged periods of time at altitudes that are not usually associated with pulmonary hypertension in cattle.Fusarium moniliforme was prepared as previously described. 26 The F. moniliforme culture material was ground to a fine powder and analyzed for FB 1 by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as previously described. 27 The culture material contained 5,500 mg FB 1 /kg. This F. moniliforme culture material was mixed with com lacking FB 1 , and the resulting mixture was reassayed. The average fumonisin B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 levels in the final corn mixture fed to cattle was 328 FB 1 , 89 ppm FB 2 , and 23 ppm FB 3 .Five Holstein steers weighing 86-127 kg were individually housed in pens enclosed in an unheated barn and fed either alfalfa/grass mixed hay and rolled corn (group A) or alfalfa/grass mixed hay and corn mixed with fumonisin culture material (group B). Cattle were purchased after being weaned, allowed to acclimate to the environment, and fed corn at an increasing amount over a period of 7 days to a final consumption level of 0.72% of body weight once daily in all calves. Following 1 week of dietary acclimation, group A cattle were fed rolled corn at the same rate as group B calves. Group B calves were acclimated to the fumonisincontaminated corn over a period of 7 days by blending on treated corn and fumonisin-contaminated corn until after 7 Received for publication February 10, 1998. days the diet was entirely fumonisin-contaminated corn fed at the rate of 0.72% of body weight. Cattle were weighed weekly throughout the experiment, and the amount of corn fed to each calf was adjusted accordingly. Because only minimal effects were evident in the fumonisin-fed cattle, the amount of corn fed group A and B calves was slowly increased over 7 days to 1.07% of body weight,...

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Intravenous fumonisin B₁ induces cell proliferation and apoptosis in the rat

Lim¹,

Parker²,

Vesonder

et al. 1996

Natural Toxins

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In the rat, the target organs of fumonisin B1, a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium moniliforme, are the kidney and liver. Fumonisin B1 is also hepatocarcinogenic in the rat and is associated epidemiologically with esophageal cancer in humans. We investigated the effect of a single intravenous dose of fumonisin B1 on cell proliferation, lesion development, and glutathione status in the major target organs of the rat. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intravenously with fumonisin B1 at 0 or 1.25 mg/kg and were euthanized at 12 hr or, 1,2,3, or 5 days. An intraperitoneal injection of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine at 100 mg/kg was given 90 min prior to euthanasia. In fumonisin B1 treated rats, serum cholesterol and serum urea nitrogen were elevated; however, the activity of hepatic enzymes was unaffected. Hepatic and renal glutathione concentrations were depressed at 12 and 24 hr, respectively, with subsequent recovery. Histologic changes were most prominent in the outer medulla of the kidney, with cell proliferation and apoptosis followed by nephrosis. Cell proliferation also occurred in the liver and esophagus, but in the absence of tissue injury. The labeling index peaked on day 1 for the liver and on day 3 for the esophagus. These results confirm that the primary target organ of fumonisin B1 in the rat is the kidney and support the concept that fumonisin B1-induced mitogenesis may be the mechanism of carcinogenesis.

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Chronic Toxicity of Fumonisin in Weanling Pigs

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of feeding genetically modified Bt MON810 maize to ∼40-day-old pigs for 110 days on growth and health indicators

Effect of feeding genetically modified Bt MON810 maize to ∼40-day-old pigs for 110 days on growth and health indicators

Chronic Experimental Fumonisin Intoxication of Calves

Intravenous fumonisin B₁ induces cell proliferation and apoptosis in the rat

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Chronic Toxicity of Fumonisin in Weanling Pigs

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of feeding genetically modified Bt MON810 maize to ∼40-day-old pigs for 110 days on growth and health indicators

Effect of feeding genetically modified Bt MON810 maize to ∼40-day-old pigs for 110 days on growth and health indicators

Chronic Experimental Fumonisin Intoxication of Calves

Intravenous fumonisin B1 induces cell proliferation and apoptosis in the rat

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Intravenous fumonisin B₁ induces cell proliferation and apoptosis in the rat