Chronic Psychological Stress and Racial Disparities in Body Mass Index Change Between Black and White Girls Aged 10–19

Tomiyama, A. Janet; Puterman, Eli; Epel, Elissa S.; Rehkopf, David H.; Laraia, Barbara A.

doi:10.1007/s12160-012-9398-x

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Since parental stress was associated with other likely household‐level stressors (e.g. low income, residence in an apartment vs. house) in our cohort , it may act as a marker for psychosocial stress in children , which has been associated with weight gain and metabolic syndrome in adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Parental stress increases body mass index trajectory in pre‐adolescents

et al. 2013

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Objective We examined the impact of parental psychological stress on body mass index (BMI) in pre-adolescent children over four years of follow-up. Methods We included 4,078 children aged 5–10 years (90% were between 5.5 and 7.5 years) at study entry (2002–2003) into the Children's Health Study, a prospective cohort study in southern California. A multi-level linear model simultaneously examined the effect of parental stress at study entry on the attained BMI at age 10 and the slope of change across annual measures of BMI during follow-up, controlled for the child's age and sex. Body mass index was calculated based on objective measurements of height and weight by trained technicians following a standardized procedure. Results A two standard deviation increase in parental stress at study entry was associated with an increase in predicted BMI attained by age 10 of 0.287 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval 0.016-0.558; a 2% increase at this age for a participant of average attained BMI). The same increase in parental stress was also associated with an increased trajectory of weight gain over follow-up, with the slope of change in BMI increased by 0.054 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval 0.007-0.100; a 7% increase in the slope of change for a participant of average BMI trajectory). Conclusions We prospectively demonstrated a small effect of parental stress on BMI at age 10 and weight gain earlier in life than reported previously. Interventions to address the burden of childhood obesity should address the role of parental stress in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Parental stress increases body mass index trajectory in pre‐adolescents

et al. 2013

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“…For example, chronic stress during adolescence was linked to greater increases in BMI for Black compared to White girls (Tomiyama et al, 2013). Everyday discrimination as a stressor is related to weight-related measures within and across racial groups; notably, however, it does not appear to explain racial inequalities in these measures (Cunningham et al, 2013; Hunte, 2011; Hunte & Williams, 2009; Lewis et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The weight of racism: Vigilance and racial inequalities in weight-related measures

Hicken

Lee

Hing

2018

Social Science & Medicine

104

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In the United States, racial/ethnic inequalities in obesity are well-documented, particularly among women. Using the Chicago Community Adult Health Study, a probability-based sample in 2001–2003 (N=3,105), we examined the roles of discrimination and vigilance in racial inequalities in two weight-related measures, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), viewed through a cultural racism lens. Cultural racism creates a social environment in which Black Americans bear the stigma burden of their racial group while White Americans are allowed to view themselves as individuals. We propose that in this context, interpersonal discrimination holds a different meaning for Blacks and Whites, while vigilance captures the coping style for Blacks who carry the stigma burden of the racial group. By placing discrimination and vigilance within the context of cultural racism, we operationalize existing survey measures and utilize statistical models to clarify the ambiguous associations between discrimination and weight-related inequalities in the extant literature. Multivariate models were estimated for BMI and WC separately and were stratified by gender. Black women had higher mean BMI and WC than any other group, as well as highest levels of vigilance. White women did not show an association between vigilance and WC but did show a strong positive association between discrimination and WC. Conversely, Black women displayed an association between vigilance and WC, but not between discrimination and WC. These results demonstrate that vigilance and discrimination may hold different meanings for obesity by ethnoracial group that are concealed when all women are examined together and viewed without considering a cultural racism lens.

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“…Among the stress and emotion factors, associations were observed between obesity and both poor emotional well-being and worry (Neumark-Sztainer et al 1997). In addition, chronic stress had a positive relationship with increasing BMI across adolescence, which was stronger than the relationship among White girls (Tomiyama et al 2013). Among the remaining psychosocial factor types, Black girls with obesity and overweight had worse perceptions of their health (Neumark-Sztainer et al 1997; Whaley, Smith, and Hancock 2011), had varied associations with interpersonal skills (Chang and Halgunseth 2015; Granberg, Simons, and Simons 2009), and did not reveal an association with mastery orientation or learned helplessness when using generally accepted adiposity outcomes (i.e., triceps skinfold; Johnson et al 1997).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Factors related to obesity and overweight among Black adolescent girls in the United States

2016

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In the United States, Black adolescents have the highest prevalence of pediatric obesity and overweight among girls. While Black girls are disproportionately affected, the reasons for this health disparity remain unclear. The authors conducted a systematic review to investigate the factors related to obesity and overweight among Black adolescent girls. The authors searched four databases for relevant English-language publications using all publication years through 2015. Fifty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were used for this review. Using a configuration approach to synthesis, three categories were identified, paralleling the bioecological theory of human development: (1) individual, (2) interpersonal, and (3) community and societal factors. A description of each factor’s association with obesity among Black adolescent girls is presented. From this review, the authors identified a diverse and vast set of individual, interpersonal, and community and societal factors explored for their relationship with obesity and overweight. Given the insufficient repetition and limited significant findings among most factors, the authors believe that multiple gaps in knowledge exist across all categories regarding the factors related to obesity and over-weight among Black adolescent girls. To improve the quality of research in this area, suggested research directions and methodological recommendations are provided.

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Chronic Psychological Stress and Racial Disparities in Body Mass Index Change Between Black and White Girls Aged 10–19

Cited by 29 publications

References 57 publications

Parental stress increases body mass index trajectory in pre‐adolescents

Parental stress increases body mass index trajectory in pre‐adolescents

The weight of racism: Vigilance and racial inequalities in weight-related measures

Factors related to obesity and overweight among Black adolescent girls in the United States

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