Chronic feeding with protein-restricted diets affect ileal amino acid digestibility and the expression of nutrient-sensing, hormone secretion, gastrointestinal digestive enzyme, and nutrient transporter genes in young weaned pigs

Li, Wu; Liao, Peng; He, Q.; Tan, Bin; Guo, Feifei; Tang, Min; Li, Tiejun

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.24093

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…Slightly low-protein (SLP) diets (reduced crude protein (CP) by 4% unit) supplemented with the first four limiting amino acids (LAA), i.e., lysine (Lys), methionine (Met), threonine (Thr), and tryptophan (Trp), have been suggested for reducing nitrogen (N) excretion from swine production [ 1 ] without having a negative influence on the growth performance of pigs [ 2 ]. While decreasing dietary CP by more than 4% unit may produce a higher reduction in N excretion than SLP diets in pigs [ 3 ], very-low-protein (VLP) diets fail to maintain normal growth in pigs even when supplemented with first four LAA [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. This could be the indication of the importance of next LAA for maintaining the optimal growth of pigs under VLP diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixture of Valine and Isoleucine Restores the Growth of Protein-Restricted Pigs Likely through Improved Gut Development, Hepatic IGF-1 Pathway, and Plasma Metabolomic Profile

Habibi

Goodarzi

Shili

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Valine (Val) alone or in combination with isoleucine (Ile) improves the growth under severe protein restriction; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we assessed whether Val/Ile-induced growth in protein-restricted pigs is associated with changes in gut development, hepatic insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) production, and blood metabolomics. Forty piglets were assigned to five dietary groups: positive control (PC) with standard protein content; low protein (LP) with very low protein content; and LP supplemented with Val (LPV), Ile (LPI), and Val and Ile (LPVI). LPVI reversed the negative effects of VLP diets on growth and gut morphology. Both LPV and LPVI restored the reduced transcript of IGF-1 while decreasing the transcript of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) in the liver. LPV and LPVI recovered the reduced plasma Val, glycine, and leucine concentrations, which were positively correlated with improved gut morphology and the hepatic IGF-1 gene expression and negatively correlated with hepatic IGFBP1 mRNA abundance. In conclusion, supplementation with a combination of Val and Ile into the VLP diets restored the decreased growth performance of pigs fed with these diets likely through improved gut development, hepatic IGF-1 expression and bioavailability, and plasma metabolomics profile.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixture of Valine and Isoleucine Restores the Growth of Protein-Restricted Pigs Likely through Improved Gut Development, Hepatic IGF-1 Pathway, and Plasma Metabolomic Profile

Habibi

Goodarzi

Shili

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…For example, cholesterol and triglycerides are indicators of lipid metabolism [ 42 ], and urea nitrogen is an indicator of protein utilization efficiency [ 43 ]. Although biochemical parameters are influenced by various factors such as age, sex, and nutrition [ 38 , 41 ], the results of this study showed that replacing corn with rice does not have a negative effect on biochemical parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…According to Tao et al [ 40 ], it was reported that the serum biochemical parameters of piglets gradually decreased for one week after weaning, but as a result of this study, it is considered to be recovered to the normal levels after 2 week of weaning. Biochemical parameters are related to nutrient metabolism and utilization [ 41 ]. For example, cholesterol and triglycerides are indicators of lipid metabolism [ 42 ], and urea nitrogen is an indicator of protein utilization efficiency [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of brown rice to replace corn in weanling pig diet

Kim¹,

Cho²,

Kim³

et al. 2021

J Anim Sci Technol

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of brown rice (Japonica) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood parameters of weanling pigs. A total of 60 weanling pigs (28-day-old, 30 barrows and 30 gilts, 6.73 ± 0.77 kg body weight [BW]) were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments (6 pigs per pen; 5 replicates per treatment) in a randomized complete block design with the initial BW and sex as blocks. The dietary treatments were a typical nursery diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) and the CON replaced 50% of corn with brown rice (BR). Pigs were fed respective dietary treatments for 5 weeks. For the last week of experiment period, pigs were fed respective dietary treatments containing 0.2% chromic oxide as an indigestible marker. Fecal samples were collected from randomly selected 1 pig in each pen daily for the last 3 d after the 4-d adjustment period.Blood was collected from randomly selected 1 pig in each pen on d 0, 3, 7, and 14 after weaning. Compared with pig fed CON diet, pigs fed the BR diet were found to have higher (p < 0.05) final BW, overall average daily gain, and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter and energy.However, there were no significant differences between the groups with respect to average daily feed intake, gain to feed ratio, frequency of diarrhea, and the AID and ATTD of crude protein during overall experimental period.Similarly, there were no significant differences on blood parameters between the groups. Thus, the findings of this study indicate that brown rice (Japonica) can be used to replace 50% of corn in the diet of pigs during the nursery period without negatively affecting growth performance, nutrient digestibility, or blood parameters.

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“…Decreasing blood urea nitrogen and ammonia levels in the colon also showed that nitrogen excretion was reduced. Combined with the observed lower growth performance in piglets from another study, this indicates that a reduced protein content of 3% supplemented with lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan corresponds to an alternative feeding recommendation [ 24 , 87 ]. It also suggests that improvements in nutrient digestibility results from changes in nutrient transporter and enzyme gene expression as well as a change in microbial activity [ 67 ].…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 98%

Factors Influencing Proteolysis and Protein Utilization in the Intestine of Pigs: A Review

Kurz

Seifert

2021

Animals

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Pigs are among the most important farm animals for meat production worldwide. In order to meet the amino acid requirements of the animals, pigs rely on the regular intake of proteins and amino acids with their feed. Unfortunately, pigs excrete about two thirds of the used protein, and production of pork is currently associated with a high emission of nitrogen compounds resulting in negative impacts on the environment. Thus, improving protein efficiency in pigs is a central aim to decrease the usage of protein carriers in feed and to lower nitrogen emissions. This is necessary as the supply of plant protein sources is limited by the yield and the cultivable acreage for protein plants. Strategies to increase protein efficiency that go beyond the known feeding options have to be investigated considering the characteristics of the individual animals. This requires a deep understanding of the intestinal processes including enzymatic activities, capacities of amino acid transporters and the microbiome. This review provides an overview of these physiological factors and the respective analyses methods.

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Chronic feeding with protein-restricted diets affect ileal amino acid digestibility and the expression of nutrient-sensing, hormone secretion, gastrointestinal digestive enzyme, and nutrient transporter genes in young weaned pigs

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

A Mixture of Valine and Isoleucine Restores the Growth of Protein-Restricted Pigs Likely through Improved Gut Development, Hepatic IGF-1 Pathway, and Plasma Metabolomic Profile

A Mixture of Valine and Isoleucine Restores the Growth of Protein-Restricted Pigs Likely through Improved Gut Development, Hepatic IGF-1 Pathway, and Plasma Metabolomic Profile

Evaluation of brown rice to replace corn in weanling pig diet

Factors Influencing Proteolysis and Protein Utilization in the Intestine of Pigs: A Review

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