Cholinesterase as an inflammatory marker of subclinical infection of dairy cows infected by Neospora caninum and risk factors for disease

Appelt, Marciana Anita; Silva, Aleksandro S. Da; Cazarotto, Chrystian J.; Machado, Gustavo; Rodrigues, Rafael; Norbury, Luke J.; Baldissera, Matheus D.; Alba, Davi Fernando; Gris, Anderson; Mendes, Ricardo E.

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101330

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The high activity of cholinesterase is attributed to the inflammatory response caused by the parasite and to its pathogenesis, as it stimulates the cholinergic system to secrete more defenses to resist the parasite. This result agreed with the researcher (Tonina et al, 2015; Appelt et al, 2019), where they observed an increase in cholinesterase levels in cases of canine neosporosis infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The results of the study also showed a moderate agreement between the rapid immunochromatographic sandwich technique test and the ELISA test in diagnosing of canine neosporosis infection in the animals of the study based on the Kappa value which amounted (0.440). While the results of biochemical tests on the blood serum samples of goats, which gave positive results for the indirect immunosorbent test, showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase, as well as a significant increase in the activity of cholinesterase compared with the control group, as shown in Table (2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Serological and biochemical study for Neospora caninum in goats/Mosul/Iraq

Tayseer

Jassim

2022

ijhs

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The aim of the present study was to determine seroprevlance of Neospora caninum in goat by using different serological test .Fast test and indirect ELISA and comparative between two test in addition to study of changes in some biochemical parameters accompanied with neosporosis in goat .study included examination of( 51)blood serum sample in different areas of Mosul city from October 2021 to March 2022 . Results showed that prevalence of Neosporosis by using Fast test and indirect ELISA was (3.92%,5.88%) respectively Results also showed moderate agreement between two test . Results showed significant increased in Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase ,Acetyle cholinesterase and C- reactive protein . all these parameters examined on seropositive sera for Fast test and iELISA in goat infected with Neosporosis compared with control for same test.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Serological and biochemical study for Neospora caninum in goats/Mosul/Iraq

Tayseer

Jassim

2022

ijhs

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“…The presence of dogs and cats at the farm was also an associated risk factor for T -seropositivity in bovines. Similar outcomes have been observed for other dog and cat parasites transmitted to herbivores through environmental ingestion of eggs or protozoa oocysts, such as Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii [ 39 , 40 ]. Not surprisingly, bovines raised in farms along with dogs were 2.84-fold more susceptible to N. caninum infection [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Serosurvey and associated risk factors of anti-Toxocara spp. antibodies in bovines from slaughterhouses of southeastern Brazil

et al. 2021

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Background Toxocariasis, caused by a nematode species of the genus Toxocara, has been described as one of the most prevalent zoonotic helminthiases worldwide. Human transmission may occur by ingesting Toxocara spp. larvae from raw or undercooked meat or organs; however, no comprehensive serosurvey study has been conducted to date investigating the role of cattle as paratenic hosts. The aim of the study reported here was to assess the prevalence of anti-Toxocara spp. antibodies and associated risk factors in bovines from two slaughterhouses located in Presidente Prudente, southeastern Brazil. Methods Blood samples were collected and tested by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cattle farmers voluntarily responded to an epidemiologic questionnaire. Results Overall, 213 of the 553 (38.5%) bovine samples were assessed as seropositive for anti-Toxocara spp. antibodies by indirect ELISA. Multivariate analysis revealed that the source of beef cattle and the presence of dogs or cats at the farm were associated with seropositivity. The use of feedlot systems was associated with lower likelihood of seropositivity. Conclusions These results indicate a high level of anti-Toxocara seropositivity in slaughterhouse cattle, with potentially contaminated meat posing an infection risk to humans. In addition, the presence of dogs and cats where the slaughtered beef cattle were raised was statistically associated with bovine seropositivity, probably due to the overlapping environment at the farm and the lack of pet deworming. The use of feedlot systems was a protective factor likely due to the absence of dog and cat contact, elevated feeding troughs that avoid contact with contaminated soil or grass, and younger age at slaughter of feedlot cattle. In summary, bovines may be used as environmental sentinels of Toxocara spp. contamination, and high seropositivity of slaughterhouse cattle may indicate a potential risk of human toxocariasis through the ingestion of raw or undercooked contaminated meat.

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“…In horses, CRP is considered a moderate APP that slightly increases 3–5 days after stimuli, and does not appear useful to detect sepsis because it increases similarly to non-bacterial inflammation (Yamashita et al ., 1991; Do Carmo et al ., 2015; Taylor, 2015; Zabrecky et al ., 2015). In cattle, CRP is generally not considered an APP, as no acute increases have been described in certain pathologies such as respiratory disease (Nakajima et al ., 1993; Prohl et al ., 2015), although some studies have shown mild CRP increases under conditions such as stress, intestinal obstruction, clinical mastitis, parasitic infections, or septicemia, which could make CRP useful in assessing the general status of herds (Lee et al ., 2003; Hussain et al ., 2015; Akgül et al ., 2019; Appelt et al ., 2019; Dalanezi et al ., 2020). Currently, because its measurement costs are similar to other routinely-measured methods, CRP could be measured on a routine basis to increase sensitivity to detect inflammation, especially in pigs (Tecles et al ., 2007; Rivera-Gomis et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Traditional Biomarkers Of Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of sepsis in pigs, horses and cattle: from acute phase proteins to procalcitonin

López-Martínez

Franco‐Martínez

Martínez-Subiela

et al. 2022

Anim. Health. Res. Rev.

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Sepsis is a complex clinical syndrome triggered by an inflammatory host response to an infection. It is usually complicated to detect and diagnose, and has severe consequences in human and veterinary health, especially when treatment is not started early. Therefore, efforts to detect sepsis accurately are needed. In addition, its proper diagnosis could reduce the misuse of antibiotics, which is essential fighting against antimicrobial resistance. This case is a particular issue in farm animals, as antibiotics have been traditionally given massively, but now they are becoming increasingly restricted. When sepsis is suspected in animals, the most frequently used biomarkers are acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and haptoglobin, but their concentrations can increase in other inflammatory conditions. In human patients, the most promising biomarkers to detect sepsis are currently procalcitonin and presepsin, and there is a wide range of other biomarkers under study. However, there is little information on the application of these biomarkers in veterinary species. This review aims to describe the general concepts of sepsis and the current knowledge about the biomarkers of sepsis in pigs, horses, and cattle and to discuss possible advances in the field.

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Cholinesterase as an inflammatory marker of subclinical infection of dairy cows infected by Neospora caninum and risk factors for disease

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Serological and biochemical study for Neospora caninum in goats/Mosul/Iraq

Serological and biochemical study for Neospora caninum in goats/Mosul/Iraq

Serosurvey and associated risk factors of anti-Toxocara spp. antibodies in bovines from slaughterhouses of southeastern Brazil

Biomarkers of sepsis in pigs, horses and cattle: from acute phase proteins to procalcitonin

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