Cholinergic innervation of the pancreas in the sheep

Arciszewski, Marcin B.; Zacharko-Siembida, Anna

doi:10.1556/abiol.58.2007.2.2

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Taking into account the above findings, it is suggested that in sheep NO may mainly stimulate glucagon production evoked by cholinergic muscarinic transmission whereas inhibition of insulin secretion may be of minor importance. Such assumption is based on the following: in the present study we indicated the possibility of intrinsic nitrergic supply to pancreatic islets, virtually all intrapancreatic neurones were shown to express VAChT (Arciszewski and Zacharko‐Siembida, 2007a) and within islets the vast majority of nNOS‐IR nerve terminals surrounded endocrine cells of external layers (as mentioned above most likely to be α ‐cells).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…However, the presence of choline acetyltransferase in the guinea‐pig nitrergic intrapancreatic neurones has led to substantial revision of this concept and the possible role of NO in co‐transmission has been suggested (Liu et al., 1998). Of note, all neurones of the ovine pancreas were shown to express the vesicular acetylcholine transporte (VAChT; Arciszewski and Zacharko‐Siembida, 2007a), which means that NO may co‐exist with acetylcholine and that nitrergic neurones, presumably acting as interneurones, may be involved in modulation or co‐transmission of responses to cholinergic nerve stimulation. However, the total view is additionally complicated by the finding that nNOS‐positive neurones also co‐store VIP and NPY.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Pancreas of the Sheep

Arciszewski¹

2007

Anat Histol Embryol

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In numerous mammals, nitric oxide (NO) influences the activity of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas. In this study, immunocytochemistry was utilized to investigate the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the pancreas of sheep. In double immunocytochemical staining, the co-localization of nNOS with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) or substance P (SP) was studied. The presence of nNOS was confined to the intrapancreatic neurones (9.6 +/- 1.3%) as well as to nerve fibres of the endocrine pancreas and intrapancreatic ganglia. nNOS-immunoreactive (IR) neurones were round and oval in shape and predominantly (83.3 +/- 2.6%) belonged to the middle-size group (25-50 mum). Numerous, fine islets supplying nNOS-IR nerve terminals were devoid of VIP, SP or NPY. Moderately numerous, non-varicose nNOS-IR nerve fibres of intrapancreatic ganglia frequently expressed VIP or NPY, but not SP; 2.2 +/- 0.6% of nNOS-IR intrapancreatic neurones displayed lack of VIP, whereas 7.5 +/- 0.8% were VIP-IR. All nNOS-IR neurones were devoid of SP. The frequencies of nNOS-IR/NPY-IR and nNOS-IR/NPY-negative intrapancreatic neurones were 2.2 +/- 0.4% and 6.1 +/- 1.1%, respectively. Comparison with other mammals indicated that nitrergic innervation of the ovine pancreas is species-determined and may be a reflection of the ruminants' digestion specificity. The possible origin of nNOS-IR nerve fibres and functional significance of NO in the pancreas of sheep were discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Pancreas of the Sheep

Arciszewski¹

2007

Anat Histol Embryol

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“…VAChT and TH were shown to be colocalized in distinct populations of nerve fibers among the acini. TH was present in the vast majority of VAChT-positive intrapancreatic perikarya [14]. Studies of adrenergic pancreatic innervation in sheep revealed that most DbH-positive nerve fibers occur in the parenchyma between the acini, around blood vessels, and in the connective tissue, but only a small amount of adrenergic intrapancreatic neurons were found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Autonomic innervation of the pancreas has been investigated in numerous vertebrate species, both in domestic animals, such as pigeon [9,10], hen [11], cat [12], rabbit [12,13], sheep [14,15], pig [16], and the representatives of other species, such as the African silverbill [9,10], and mainly rodents, such as rat [12,17], mouse [5,6,18], or Egyptian spiny mouse [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic and adrenergic innervation of the pancreas in chinchilla (Chinchilla Laniger Molina)

Radzimirska

Kuchinka

Nowak

et al. 2020

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Introduction. Cholinergic and adrenergic innervation of the pancreas in chinchilla (Chinchilla Laniger Molina) was examined in this study. The pancreas is both an exocrine and endocrine gland with autonomic and sensory innervation presented by the numerous nerve fibers and small agglomerations of nerve cells. Material and methods. Investigations were performed on 16 adult chinchillas of both sexes. The material was collected immediately after death of the animals. Histochemical methods: AChE and SPG were used, in addition to routine technique of single and double immunohistochemical (IHC) staining using whole mount specimens and freezing sections with a thickness of 8 to 12 μm. In the immunofluorescence staining, primary antibodies directed against markers used to identify cholinergic -ChAT and VAChT, and adrenergic -DbH and TH neurons. Secondary antibodies were coupled to Alexa Fluor 488 and Alexa Fluor 555 fluorophores. Results. Histochemical studies (AChE) revealed that chinchilla pancreatic cholinergic innervation consisted of ganglionic neurocytes and numerous nerve fibers. These structures are located in the parenchyma of the exocrine part of the organ in close proximity to blood vessels and are present within the walls of the pancreatic ducts and interstitial connective tissue. A delicate fiber network around the Langerhans islets was also observed. The most numerous cholinergic structures were found in the head and tail, and the least numbers were found in the body of the pancreas. The SPG method revealed that adrenergic fibers form a network in the adventitia of blood vessels, and individual fibers run throughout the pancreatic parenchyma. Moreover, adrenergic nerve fibers were observed around the ganglionic neurocytes. This innervation was similar in all parts of the investigated organ. IHC investigations allowed observations of both the cholinergic and adrenergic activities of autonomic nerve structures. Additionally, using ChAT/DbH double staining, colocalization of these substances was observed in the fibers of the pancreatic parenchyma that passed through the cholinergic ganglia. Colocalization of VAChT and TH was found in nerve fibers of the exocrine part, in the walls of blood vessels, and in individual nerve cells. Colocalization of ChAT/DbH and VAChT/TH was observed in the single nerve cells and in the small (2-3 cell) ganglia. ChAT-and DbH-immunopositive nerve fibers were found in the area of the islets of Langerhans. Conclusions.The results indicate a more intense cholinergic innervation of the chinchilla's pancreas, which is represented by both ganglia and nerve fibers, while adrenergic structures are mainly represented by fibers and only single neurocytes. This arrangement of the investigated structures in this species may imply a major role for hormonal control of exocrine secretion in rodents.

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“…Studies show that choline acetyltransferase (CHAT)-immunopositive neuronal cell bodies and nerve fibers are present in the pancreas of many species (Liu et al, 1998; Love and Szebeni, 1999a; Wang et al, 1999), suggesting that ACh is not only released from parasympathetic efferents and enteropancreatic fibers, but also from the neurons in the intrapancreatic ganglia. However, intrapancreatic ganglia are not innervated by cholinergic nerve fibers in the sheep pancreas (Arciszewski and Zacharko-Siembida, 2007), which suggests that the cholinergic innervation of islets from pancreatic neurons is species-dependent.…”

Section: Neurotransmitters Of Intrapancreatic Gangliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrapancreatic Ganglia and Neural Regulation of Pancreatic Endocrine Secretion

Liu

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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Extrapancreatic nerves project to pancreatic islets directly or converge onto intrapancreatic ganglia. Intrapancreatic ganglia constitute a complex information-processing center that contains various neurotransmitters and forms an endogenous neural network. Both intrapancreatic ganglia and extrapancreatic nerves have an important influence on pancreatic endocrine function. This review introduces the histomorphology, innervation, neurochemistry, and electrophysiological properties of intrapancreatic ganglia/neurons, and summarizes the modulatory effects of intrapancreatic ganglia and extrapancreatic nerves on endocrine function.

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Cholinergic innervation of the pancreas in the sheep

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Expression of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Pancreas of the Sheep

Expression of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Pancreas of the Sheep

Cholinergic and adrenergic innervation of the pancreas in chinchilla (Chinchilla Laniger Molina)

Intrapancreatic Ganglia and Neural Regulation of Pancreatic Endocrine Secretion

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