Chloride ion optical sensing using a long period grating pair

Bey, Samer K. Abi Kaed; Lam, Cathy Chung Chun; Sun, Tao; Grattan, K. T. V.

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2007.10.024

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…258,259 Several methods have been reported for Cl À detection, in a wide range of fields and applications, using different techniques such as fluorescence, 260,261 ionic chromatography, 262 electrochemical, 263,264 spectrophotometric 265 and optical methods. 266,267 In the last few years many researchers have studied and explored the in situ measurements of Cl À in concrete using mainly electrochemical methods 263,268 such as potentiometric methods. 269 Chemical 260 and optical methods 261,270,271 were also reported but with less impact.…”

Section: Materials Advances Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical fiber sensors based on sol–gel materials: design, fabrication and application in concrete structures

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Materials Advances Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical fiber sensors based on sol–gel materials: design, fabrication and application in concrete structures

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The LPG sensor with an electroplated Fe–C coating has been studied to monitor corrosion-induced mass loss [59,60]. LPG sensors can also monitor environmental parameters related to corrosion such as pH [61,62,63,64], humidity [65,66,67,68], CO 2 [69,70,71], H 2 S [72,73], Cl − and salinity [74,75,76,77]. More details on LPG based sensors can be found in References [56,78].…”

Section: Emerging Corrosion Sensing Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Oil and Natural Gas Infrastructure: A Review

Wright

Lü

Devkota

et al. 2019

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Corrosion has been a great concern in the oil and natural gas industry costing billions of dollars annually in the U.S. The ability to monitor corrosion online before structural integrity is compromised can have a significant impact on preventing catastrophic events resulting from corrosion. This article critically reviews conventional corrosion sensors and emerging sensor technologies in terms of sensing principles, sensor designs, advantages, and limitations. Conventional corrosion sensors encompass corrosion coupons, electrical resistance probes, electrochemical sensors, ultrasonic testing sensors, magnetic flux leakage sensors, electromagnetic sensors, and in-line inspection tools. Emerging sensor technologies highlight optical fiber sensors (point, quasi-distributed, distributed) and passive wireless sensors such as passive radio-frequency identification sensors and surface acoustic wave sensors. Emerging sensors show great potential in continuous real-time in-situ monitoring of oil and natural gas infrastructure. Distributed chemical sensing is emphasized based on recent studies as a promising method to detect early corrosion onset and monitor corrosive environments for corrosion mitigation management. Additionally, challenges are discussed including durability and stability in extreme and harsh conditions such as high temperature high pressure in subsurface wellbores.

show abstract

“…Long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs)-based sensors have been in use for salinity based on surrounding medium refractive index for years. ,− The long-period fiber gratings have a period of gratings typically in the range 100 μm to 1 mm that promotes coupling between the propagating core mode and co-propagating cladding modes. The high attenuation of the cladding modes results in a series of attenuation bands centered at discrete wavelengths in the transmission spectrum, with each attenuation band corresponding to a specific cladding mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean Salinity Sensing Using Long-Period Fiber Gratings Functionalized with Layer-by-Layer Hydrogels

Yang

Hlushko

et al. 2019

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rapid, accurate, and real-time measurements of ocean salinity are of great importance for a host of scientific, commercial, and defense applications. We demonstrate a highly sensitive, fast-responding fiber-optic salinity sensor that integrates long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) with ionic strength-responsive hydrogel. The submicron-thick hydrogel was synthesized via layer-by-layer electrostatic assembly of partially quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine) (qP4VP) and poly(acrylic acid), followed by chemical cross-linking. Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurement of a hydrogel made of 37% quaternized qP4VP showed robust and reversible swelling/deswelling in solutions with salt concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 M (22.8–44.7 g/kg) around pH 8.1. The swelling/deswelling process induced large changes in the refractive index of the hydrogel, leading to resultant shift in the resonance wavelength (RW) of LPFGs. The salinity-dependent optical response of the hydrogel-coated LPFGs is in good agreement with ellipsometry measurement. LPFGs coated with the hydrogel exhibited a sensitivity of 7 nm RW shift/M (125.5 pm/‰) with a measurement time less than 5 s. The shift in the resonance wavelength correlated linearly with salt concentration, making quantification of measured salinity straightforward.

show abstract

Chloride ion optical sensing using a long period grating pair

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Optical fiber sensors based on sol–gel materials: design, fabrication and application in concrete structures

Optical fiber sensors based on sol–gel materials: design, fabrication and application in concrete structures

Corrosion Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Oil and Natural Gas Infrastructure: A Review

Ocean Salinity Sensing Using Long-Period Fiber Gratings Functionalized with Layer-by-Layer Hydrogels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About