Chlorella ingestion suppresses resistin gene expression in peripheral blood cells of borderline diabetics

Itakura, Hiroshige; Kobayashi, Michie; Nakamura, Seiji

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2015.04.002

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The expression levels of 252 genes, including six associated with type 2 diabetes, differed between the two groups. Notably, the mRNA expression level of resistin, an insulin resistance inducer, was significantly lower in the Chlorella group than in the placebo group and correlated with the expression levels of hemoglobin A 1c , tumor necrosis factor-a, and interleukin-6 [114], all of which are involved in glucose metabolism and/or inflammation.…”

Section: Antidiabetic Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health

Bito

Okumura²,

Fujishima³

2020

Nutrients

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Chlorella is a green unicellular alga that is commercially produced and distributed worldwide as a dietary supplement. Chlorella products contain numerous nutrients and vitamins, including D and B12, that are absent in plant-derived food sources. Chlorella contains larger amounts of folate and iron than other plant-derived foods. Chlorella supplementation to mammals, including humans, has been reported to exhibit various pharmacological activities, including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antihyperlipidemic activities. Meta-analysis on the effects of Chlorella supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors have suggested that it improves total cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose levels but not triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. These beneficial effects of Chlorella might be due to synergism between multiple nutrient and antioxidant compounds. However, information regarding the bioactive compounds in Chlorella is limited.

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Section: Antidiabetic Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human study was conducted in 28 borderline-diabetic participants treated with either Chlorella (8 g/day) or placebo for 12 weeks [114]. The expression levels of 252 genes, including six associated with type 2 diabetes, differed between the two groups.…”

Section: Antidiabetic Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health

Bito

Okumura²,

Fujishima³

2020

Nutrients

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“…The authors showed that a chlorella preparation obtained by crushing and spray-drying modifies the expression of genes involved in the activation of insulin signaling pathways in peripheral blood cells [64]. Chlorella intake (8.0 g/day) was found to reduce the expression of resistin (an IR inducer) in peripheral blood cells of borderline diabetics; resistin mRNA expression significantly correlated with changes in levels of HbA1c and the inflammation markers TNF-α and IL-6 [68]. In some other clinical studies, glucose metabolism appeared not to be affected by preparations of C. vulgaris, such as in those involving dyslipidemic subjects (dose: 600 mg/day) [65].…”

Section: Chlorella and Metabolic Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edible Microalgae and Their Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Alterations

et al. 2021

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Marine and freshwater algae and their products are in growing demand worldwide because of their nutritional and functional properties. Microalgae (unicellular algae) will constitute one of the major foods of the future for nutritional and environmental reasons. They are sources of high-quality protein and bioactive molecules with potential application in the modern epidemics of obesity and diabetes. They may also contribute decisively to sustainability through carbon dioxide fixation and minimization of agricultural land use. This paper reviews current knowledge of the effects of consuming edible microalgae on the metabolic alterations known as metabolic syndrome (MS). These microalgae include Chlorella, Spirulina (Arthrospira) and Tetraselmis as well as Isochrysis and Nannochloropsis as candidates for human consumption. Chlorella biomass has shown antioxidant, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, and antihyperlipidemic effects in humans and other mammals. The components of microalgae reviewed suggest that they may be effective against MS at two levels: in the early stages, to work against the development of insulin resistance (IR), and later, when pancreatic -cell function is already compromised. The active components at both stages are antioxidant scavengers and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators such as carotenoids and -3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid; EPA/DHA), prebiotic polysaccharides, phenolics, antihypertensive peptides, several pigments such as phycobilins and phycocyanin, and some vitamins, such as folate. As a source of high-quality protein, including an array of bioactive molecules with potential activity against the modern epidemics of obesity and diabetes, microalgae are proposed as excellent foods for the future. Moreover, their incorporation into the human diet would decisively contribute to a more sustainable world because of their roles in carbon dioxide fixation and reducing the use of land for agricultural purposes.

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“…3 Namely, microarray profile studies using DNA chips could contribute to the development of guidelines for exercise based on data collected from various body tissues. 4 The incidence of diseases of the large intestine has increased in recent years owing to poor eating habits combined with physical inactivity, which has motivated substantial research of strategies for large intestine disease prevention. 5 Exercise directly and indirectly affects the large intestine, 6 and sufficient physical activity can help reduce the risk of large intestine disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%