Chloramphenicol induces in vitro growth arrest and apoptosis of human keratinocytes

Abstract

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug that is widely used for topical application in ophthalmology and dermatology. In the present study we investigated the influence of CAP on human keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis in vitro. CAP significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of cultivated human keratinocytes, as revealed by incorporation of radioactive thymidine and flow cytometry analysis of intracellular esterase activity in fluorescein diacetate-stained cells, respectively. CAP-induced keratinocyte apoptosis was associated with activation of caspases and increased production of reactive oxygen species. The pro-apoptotic action of CAP was antagonized by the antioxidant agent N-acetylcysteine, the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, and PD98059, a selective inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Taken together, these data indicate that CAP inhibits keratinocyte proliferation through induction of oxidative stress and ERK-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis.

The safety profile of Bald’s eyesalve for the treatment of bacterial infections

“…Both of these preparations are available without prescription in the USA and the UK. While safe for topical use, chloramphenicol is known to cause death by apoptosis when applied to cell cultures 23 . For the HaCaT cells, treatment with the undiluted eyesalve led to the death of the cells with a similar result in the chloramphenicol control treated cells ( Fig.…”

The safety profile of Bald’s eyesalve for the treatment of bacterial infections

“…Both of these preparations are available without prescription in the USA and the UK. While safe for topical use, chloramphenicol is known to cause death by apoptosis when applied to cell cultures 23 . For the HaCaT cells, treatment with the undiluted eyesalve led to the death of the cells with a similar result in the chloramphenicol control treated cells ( Fig.…”

The safety profile of Bald’s eyesalve for the treatment of bacterial infections

“…Both of these preparations are available without prescription in the USA and the UK. While safe for topical use, chloramphenicol is known to cause death by apoptosis when applied to cell cultures (23). For the HaCaT cells, treatment with the undiluted eyesalve led to the death of the cells with a similar result in the chloramphenicol control treated cells (Figure 2A, 2B).…”

Scientific Opinion on Chloramphenicol in food and feed

“…Because chloramphenicol is widely used for topical application in ophthalmology and dermatology, Popadic et al (2006) investigated the effect of chloramphenicol on keratinocytes in vitro. Chloramphenicol significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of cultivated human keratinocytes.…”

“…The pro-apoptotic action of chloramphenicol was antagonised by the antioxidant agent N-acetylcysteine, the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, and by PD98059, a selective inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. It can be concluded that chloramphenicol inhibits keratinocyte proliferation through induction of oxidative stress and ERK-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis (Popadic et al, 2006).…”

The safety profile of Bald’s eyesalve for the treatment of bacterial infections

“…Both of these preparations are available without prescription in the USA and the UK. While safe for topical use, chloramphenicol is known to cause death by apoptosis when applied to cell cultures 23 . For the HaCaT cells, treatment with the undiluted eyesalve led to the death of the cells with a similar result in the chloramphenicol control treated cells ( Fig.…”

The safety profile of Bald’s eyesalve for the treatment of bacterial infections

“…Both of these preparations are available without prescription in the USA and the UK. While safe for topical use, chloramphenicol is known to cause death by apoptosis when applied to cell cultures (23). For the HaCaT cells, treatment with the undiluted eyesalve led to the death of the cells with a similar result in the chloramphenicol control treated cells (Figure 2A, 2B).…”

Scientific Opinion on Chloramphenicol in food and feed

“…Because chloramphenicol is widely used for topical application in ophthalmology and dermatology, Popadic et al (2006) investigated the effect of chloramphenicol on keratinocytes in vitro. Chloramphenicol significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of cultivated human keratinocytes.…”

“…The pro-apoptotic action of chloramphenicol was antagonised by the antioxidant agent N-acetylcysteine, the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, and by PD98059, a selective inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. It can be concluded that chloramphenicol inhibits keratinocyte proliferation through induction of oxidative stress and ERK-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis (Popadic et al, 2006).…”

The safety profile of Bald’s eyesalve for the treatment of bacterial infections

“…Both of these preparations are available without prescription in the USA and the UK. While safe for topical use, chloramphenicol is known to cause death by apoptosis when applied to cell cultures 23 . For the HaCaT cells, treatment with the undiluted eyesalve led to the death of the cells with a similar result in the chloramphenicol control treated cells ( Fig.…”

The safety profile of Bald’s eyesalve for the treatment of bacterial infections

“…Both of these preparations are available without prescription in the USA and the UK. While safe for topical use, chloramphenicol is known to cause death by apoptosis when applied to cell cultures (23). For the HaCaT cells, treatment with the undiluted eyesalve led to the death of the cells with a similar result in the chloramphenicol control treated cells (Figure 2A, 2B).…”

Scientific Opinion on Chloramphenicol in food and feed

“…Because chloramphenicol is widely used for topical application in ophthalmology and dermatology, Popadic et al (2006) investigated the effect of chloramphenicol on keratinocytes in vitro. Chloramphenicol significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of cultivated human keratinocytes.…”

“…The pro-apoptotic action of chloramphenicol was antagonised by the antioxidant agent N-acetylcysteine, the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, and by PD98059, a selective inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. It can be concluded that chloramphenicol inhibits keratinocyte proliferation through induction of oxidative stress and ERK-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis (Popadic et al, 2006).…”