Chlamydia trachomatis infection among HIV-infected women attending an AIDS clinic in the city of Manaus, Brazil

Abstract

This was a cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of and to identify risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women attending the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinic in the city of Manaus, Brazil, in 2009-2010. Participants answered a questionnaire containing demographic, epidemiological, and clinical data. A genital specimen was collected during examination to detect CT-DNA by hybrid capture, and blood samples were taken to determine CD4(+)T and HIV viral load. There were 329 women included in the study. Median age was 32 years (IQR=27-38) and median schooling was nine years (IQR=4-11). The prevalence of CT was 4.3% (95%CI: 2.1-6.5). Logistic regression analysis showed that age between 18-29 years [OR=4.1(95%CI: 1.2-13.4)] and complaint of pelvic pain [OR=3.7 (95%CI: 1.2-12.8)] were independently associated with CT. The use of condom was inversely associated with CT [OR=0.39 (95%CI: 0.1-0.9)]. The results showed that younger women who did not use condoms are at a higher risk for CT. Screening for sexually transmitted infections must be done routinely and safe sexual practices should be promoted among this population.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection among patients attending sexual and reproductive health clinics: A cross-sectional study in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, China

“…Prevalence of CT infection was similar between women and men, highlighting the importance of including men in CT control strategies as well. In accordance with previous studies [2, 3], 40.5% of diagnosed CT cases were asymptomatic patients in our study, emphasizing that syndromic management alone was not enough in controlling CT infection [58].…”

“…Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection is one of the most common bacterial infections in the world, with about 73.7 million new cases occurred globally in 2015 [1]. Although infection may be asymptomatic in more than 80% of cases [2,3], 16% of cases may suffer from clinical pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which may result in future infertility or ectopic pregnancy [4]. A population-based study in Canada has found that compared to those who tested negative for CT infection, those tested positive have a 55% increased risk of PID [5].…”

“…The risk of reproductive tract morbidity increases with repeated CT infection [5,7,8], which also increases the risk of preterm delivery in pregnant women[9], as well as epididymo-orchitis and infertility in men [10,11]. Because of its asymptomatic features [2,3] and unavailability of effective vaccines [12], CT infection control mainly relies on screening followed by case management. The diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic CT infection through CT screening not only reduce infection duration and related complications, but also decrease latent transmission between partners and thus decelerate its spread among the population.…”

Effects ofMentha suaveolensEssential Oil onChlamydia trachomatis

“…Indeed, in women, up to 40% of C. trachomatis untreated infections progress to serious complications [ 2 ], and there is also the evidence that an existing chlamydial genital infection may increase the risk of acquiring HSV-2 [ 25 ] and HIV [ 2 , 3 ]. In particular, in the presence of sexually transmitted diseases including C. trachomatis infection the risk of HIV transmission may increase by three- to tenfold [ 26 ].…”

Genital Chlamydia trachomatis Infection among Women of Reproductive Age Attending the Gynecology Clinic of Hawassa University Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

“…Women with cervical chlamydial infection are at a risk for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can lead to long—term reproductive sequelae, such aschronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy and infertility [4]. However, about 75% of women with CT infection remain asymptomatic and because they are unaware of their infection, they do not seek treatment [5]. Consequently, unrecognized and untreated individuals remain infectious for months during which there is an increased chance of transmitting the pathogen to their sexual partners.…”