Chinese herb pollen derived micromotors as active oral drug delivery system for gastric ulcer treatment

α-Mangostin suppresses ethanol-induced gastric ulceration by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathways and gut microbiota

“…Gastric ulcers (GU) is a common gastrointestinal disease affecting approximately 10 % of the global population [ 1 ]. Damage to any layer of the stomach may impair normal physiological functions, leading to excessive release of inflammatory factors, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 2 ].…”

“…Excessive, long-term alcohol consumption can cause GU [ 3 ]. GU is a prevalent condition in which the stomach lining is severely damaged [ 1 ]. Although patient condition improves with treatment, complete recovery is difficult.…”

In Situ Gelation Strategy for Efficient Drug Delivery in a Gastrointestinal System

“…Traditional metal-based microengines, such as Al 2 O 3 , Mg, Ni, and Zn, generate bubbles under low-pH gastric conditions, triggering agitation effects, adhering to the gastric wall through nanoparticle adsorption, and achieving uniform drug release in the stomach. 39 In recent years, organic-based microengines have gained a favor among researchers. Some researchers have loaded spherical Mg metal under water gel suction cup-like microparticles to produce bubbles in gastric fluid, causing spontaneous adhesion to the gastric wall.…”

“…Microengines serve as the power source for MNMs, utilizing the unique microenvironment of the GI system. Traditional metal-based microengines, such as Al 2 O 3 , Mg, Ni, and Zn, generate bubbles under low-pH gastric conditions, triggering agitation effects, adhering to the gastric wall through nanoparticle adsorption, and achieving uniform drug release in the stomach . In recent years, organic-based microengines have gained a favor among researchers.…”