Chilling injury in stored nectarines and its detection by time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy

Multispectral imaging has been studied in recent years as a means of assessing fruit firmness. Here we report on the development of a static multispectral imaging system (MSI) that was used to validate the potential of the technique for high-speed commercial grading. The system consists of a high-performance CMOS camera, four lasers, electronically controlled shutters and a location control system. It captures four spectral scattering images on the fruit. In this study 100 'Royal Gala' apples have been measured using the static MSI. The MSI measurements were applied on the intact apple and also on a flat surface of internal flesh exposed by removing a thick skin slice. The scattering profiles were fitted with a standard light diffusion model and a heuristic modified Lorentzian model. The results showed that the correlations between penetrometer firmness and model parameters were poor, with the correlation coefficient, R, ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 in the best circumstance of the flat surface measurements. Although multivariate models can improve the correlations, this work suggests that laser scattering information on its own is not sufficient to predict the firmness.

show abstract

“…These results are similar to previous studies [14,19]. Intact apple measurements show a positive correlation (R = 0.5) at 685 nm.…”

Section: Cut Surfacesupporting

confidence: 92%

Development of a multispectral imaging system for apple firmness prediction

Sun

Künnemeyer

McGlone

et al. 2015

2015 9th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The wavelength of 487 nm was found to be the combined absorption peak for carotenoids and chlorophyll in post-harvest ripening of apples (Merzlyak & Solovchenko, 2002). Used to distinguish healthy and cold-injured nectarines (Lurie et al, 2011), absorptions at 656 nm and 774 nm were close to 670 nm and 780 nm for peaches. Hashim et al (2013), used back-scatter imaging at 660 nm to classify between control and cold-injured bananas, depending on changes in the pigment content and texture of the exocarp.…”

Section: Optimal Wavelength Selectionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…For example, the firmness of peaches stored at in air at 20°C up to 8 days decreased from 45 N to about 0 N (Bonghi, Ramina, Ruperti, Vidrih, & Tonutti, 1999). Lurie et al (2011) reported non-stored nectarine had expressible juice of 45-50% in the first 3 days of shelf life, while this increased to close to 60% for 6 and 7 days of shelf life. For a long time storage, low temperature was widely used to slow the ripening of peaches.…”

Section: Changes Of CI Index and Peach Quality Parametersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Early detection and monitoring of CI in cold storage conditions is difficult, as the injured peach fruits often don't show damage as long as they are kept at low temperature. The symptoms will develop and become evident immediately or over several days once peaches are transferred to a warm environment (i.e., 20°C or above) (Lurie et al, 2011); thus, the problem is commonly not noticed until the fruit reaches consumers. To remove defective fruits from the marketing chain earlier, a rapid, precise, reliable and non-destructive technique to detect the cold-injured peaches is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These techniques include transverse relaxation time (T 2 ) in magnetic resonance imaging to assess for mealy texture in apples and peaches (Barreiro, Ruiz-Cabello, Fernandez-Valle, Ortiz, & Ruiz-Altisent, 1999;Barreiro et al, 2000), mechanical impact for detection of wooly texture in nectarines (Arana, Jarén, & Arazuri, 2005), combining impact and near-infrared spectroscopy for identification of wooly flesh in peaches (Ortiz, Barreiro, Correa, Riquelme, & Ruiz-Altisent, 2001), ultrasonic system for measurement of mealy texture in apples (Bechar, Mizrach, Barreiro, & Landahl, 2005), and time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy for detection of mealy flesh, wooly flesh, or browning in apples and nectarines (Lurie et al, 2011;Valero et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Detection of cold injury in peaches by hyperspectral reflectance imaging and artificial neural network

Zhang²,

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gas in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy

Svanberg

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy (GASMAS) is a new variety of tunable diode laser spectroscopy (TDLS). It combines concepts from atmospheric trace‐gas monitoring with those pertinent to biological tissue optics. The former field deals with high‐resolution spectroscopy in nonscattering media, whereas the latter area is characterized by broad absorption structures in strongly scattering media. GASMAS provides novel applications in, e.g. the material science and biophotonics fields. The absorptive imprints of free gases inside pores or cavities in surrounding solid or liquid matter are typically many orders of magnitude narrower than those of the host material, a fact that is critically utilized. The gas signals are detected in the weak, multiply scattered light emerging from the illuminated sample. Wavelength‐modulation and phase‐sensitive detection techniques are employed, typically in connection with single‐mode CW lasers. Any gas with useful absorption at wavelengths where the host material does not absorb strongly can be detected. For biological tissue, containing liquid water and blood, this limits the useful region to the “tissue optical window” –650–1400 nm – where, however, the interesting gases oxygen and water vapor absorb at around 760 and 950 nm, respectively. This limitation does not pertain to other materials, particularly not to those that do not contain liquid water. GASMAS experiments, which relate to basic physics, include studies of nanoporous ceramics, where wall collisions influence the line shape and provide information on pore‐size distribution. A small piece of strongly scattering ceramic can serve as an alignment‐free multipass cell with effective path length hundreds of times longer than the physical dimension. Porosity and gas transport studies in construction materials such as polystyrene foams, wood, ceramics, and paper are examples of applications in the material science field. The technique is further very powerful for studying gas in the human body and products that humans eat, such as packaged foods, fruits, and pharmaceutical preparations. A key aspect of food packaging is to prevent oxygen to influence the food. Frequently, modified atmospheres with nitrogen or carbon dioxide as filling gases are used. Applications include monitoring the performance of packaging machines and measurements of the product on the shelf. Porosity in pharmaceutical tablets is important to determine, as it has bearing on controlled release. Following initial work on healthy volunteers, a clinical trial concerning human sinus cavities has been performed. Gas filling and composition can be used as a diagnostic tool in connection with sinusitis, a very common disorder, also related to the problem with heavy overprescription of antibiotics and associated growing bacterial resistance. Following realistic phantom studies, it was shown that it is possible to detect gas in the lungs and intestines of a newborn baby, which could be of considerable interest for future care of prematurely born children. Gas diffusion and transport can be dynamically studied in response to an abrupt change in gas composition in medicine as well as in material science. The GASMAS technique is fully nonintrusive and nondestructive.

show abstract

Chilling injury in stored nectarines and its detection by time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy

Abstract: Chilling injury in stored nectarines and its detection by time-resolved reflectance spectroscop

Cited by 37 publications

References 19 publications

Development of a multispectral imaging system for apple firmness prediction

Development of a multispectral imaging system for apple firmness prediction

Detection of cold injury in peaches by hyperspectral reflectance imaging and artificial neural network

Gas in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About