Chewing gum affects smoking topography.

Cohen, Lee M.; Britt, Dana M.; Collins, Frank L.; Stott, Heather D.; Carter, Laura C.

doi:10.1037/1064-1297.7.4.444

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For example, recent studies have investigated the influence of chewing gum on smoking behavior as well as on nicotine withdrawal and craving (Cohen, Britt, Collins, al'Absi, & McChargue, 2001;Cohen, Britt, Collins, Stott, & Carter, 1999;Cohen, Collins, & Britt, 1997). Overall, studies conducting in our laboratory show that chewing gum helps with withdrawal when cigarette smokers could not smoke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Effect of non-nicotinic moist snuff replacement and lobeline on withdrawal symptoms during 48-h smokeless tobacco deprivation

McChargue

Collins

Cohen

2002

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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The present study investigated the effects of two herbal components (BACCOFF™ and DIPSTOP™) of a commercially available smokeless tobacco treatment program for reducing subjective withdrawal symptoms during deprivation. One component, BACCOFF™, is a non-nicotinic chew. The second component, DIPSTOP™, is a liquid containing the alkaloid lobeline, which to some extent mimics peripheral nicotinic effects. All participants (N = 22 males) were placed in four conditions: BACCOFF™ + DIPSTOP™, BACCOFF™ + placebo control, DIPSTOP™ only, and placebo control only. The conditions involved 48 h of deprivation, and subjects were exposed to one condition per week for 4 weeks. Withdrawal measures were taken at baseline, 24 h, and 48 h of deprivation. Individuals were randomly assigned, and conditions were counterbalanced. Results showed that BACCOFF™, as compared with DIPSTOP™, significantly reduced withdrawal symptoms but not craving. These data suggest that behavioral/sensory substitutes' influence on withdrawal might be routed through the product's ability to approximate the preferred moist snuff.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Effect of non-nicotinic moist snuff replacement and lobeline on withdrawal symptoms during 48-h smokeless tobacco deprivation

McChargue

Collins

Cohen

2002

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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“…Recent studies conducted in our laboratory have demonstrated that simple alternatives to smoking, such as chewing gum, may influence urge to smoke and nicotine withdrawal (Cohen, Britt, Collins, Stott, & Carter, 1999;Cohen, Collins, & Britt, 1997). Cohen et al (1997) assessed the effects of temporary deprivation (approximately 3 hours) on nicotine withdrawal and craving symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal assessment of the effect of chewing gum on nicotine withdrawal

Cohen

Britt

Collins

et al. 2001

Addictive Behaviors

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Cohen, Lee M.; Britt, Dana M.; Collins, Frank L.; al-Absi, Mustafa; and McChargue, Dennis E., "Multimodal assessment of the effect of chewing gum on nicotine withdrawal" (2001 AbstractThe present study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of chewing gum to reduce nicotine withdrawal, craving, and salivary cortisol concentrations during temporary nicotine deprivation. A total of 20 male smokers were studied under conditions when gum was and was not accessible during a 4-hour deprivation period. All subjects smoked an initial cigarette shortly after arrival for the two experimental sessions and were informed that they would be unable to smoke for the remainder of each session. The sessions consisted of each subject watching a movie, then waiting in the lab for two consecutive 30-min intervals. Self-reported nicotine withdrawal and craving were assessed four times and salivary cortisol five times during each experimental session. Results from this study indicate that chewing gum helps with self-reported withdrawal but not craving when a smoker is prevented from smoking. This study also provides preliminary data on the use of salivary cortisol as a physiological marker that may map these self-reports of nicotine withdrawal and craving. D

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“…Others suggested that smokers reported fewer cigarette puffs and the time until they first lit their first cigarette increased significantly. 26 The chewing gum was, also, a factor that helped smokers to deal with withdrawal symptoms in relation to the control group. 27 The current study did not find a relationship between gender and nicotine craving.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Film clips smoking behavior and nicotine craving: The interrelationship between stress, smoking cues and craving

et al. 2019

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Α n abundance of research has demonstrated that substance addicted individuals, when they are exposed to a substance related stimulus, show a positive correlation between physiological measurements, such as an increase in heart rate and sweating, and behavioral reactions, that include craving and substance use or consumption. Films depicting smoking behavior are regarded as cues to induce smoking behavior. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of smoking behavior portrayed in movies on actual craving experienced by smokers who watch on screen actors consume tobacco products. In addition, the effects of receiving orally administered nicotine (chewing gum), a regular chewing gum or no additional intervention were examined. In particular, the study aimed to investigate how these factors impact nicotine craving as well as the heart rate and sweating. The majority of the participants were University of Bedfordshire students and staff. Thirty smokers (12 males and 18 females) having received a nicotine gum, a regular chewing gum or no gum, were exposed to a digital video clip showing actors smoking. The participants chose the type of chewing gum they wanted. Heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin response (GSR) were measured during the course of the experiment. Prior to and after watching the movie clip participants completed the Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU-Brief) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). According to the results, the craving was increased when compared to the baseline score (t=-3.76, p<0.001). Additionally, a correlation was found between the baseline level of craving and perceived stress before and after the movie (r=0.39). Nicotine chewing gum was found to have a significant impact on participants' heart rate (p<0.05) but not on GSR. A significant difference was found in participants in the normal chewing gum condition reporting higher levels of craving than the other two groups (p<0.05). Age was found to positively related to post-measures of nicotine craving which was found to be higher for young respondents (r=-0.47, p<0.01). The data further show that the depiction of smoking behavior in the media is likely to have a significant im-

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Chewing gum affects smoking topography.

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of non-nicotinic moist snuff replacement and lobeline on withdrawal symptoms during 48-h smokeless tobacco deprivation

Effect of non-nicotinic moist snuff replacement and lobeline on withdrawal symptoms during 48-h smokeless tobacco deprivation

Multimodal assessment of the effect of chewing gum on nicotine withdrawal

Film clips smoking behavior and nicotine craving: The interrelationship between stress, smoking cues and craving

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