Avery mild and highly efficient synthesis of somenovel 1H-1,2,3-triazolylcarboacyclic nucleosides via aClick Huisgen cycloaddition of N-propargyl nucleobasesand azido alcohols using Cu/aminoclay/ reduced grapheneo xide nanohybrid (Cu/AC/r-GO nanohybrid)a sn anocatalyst is described.T he preparation and characterization of Cu/AC/r-GO nanohybrid are discussed.T his catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, TEM, and energy-dispersive analysiso fX -ray techniques. Cu/AC/r-GO nanohybrid is as table and highly efficient heterogeneousn anocatalyst that can be easily prepared, used,a nd restoredf rom the reaction mixtureb ys imple filtration, and reused for many consecutivet rials without significant decrease in activity.Introduction. -D rug design and synthesis based on non-natural nucleosides are prominence strategies to overcomem iscellaneous infections and diseases caused by viruses,bacteria, cancer, etc.[1].Threemain strategiesare normally applied on natural nucleosides to access agreat deal of diverse non-natural nucleosides,encompassing i) modification of functionalities on nucleobases and/or replacement of nucleobases with their similar heterocyclic analogs or isosteres; ii)a lteration of the sugar residues backbone,a nd finally iii)c onversion, as well as conjugationo ff ree OH groups to various functionalities [2].Inconnection with the first strategy,itiswell demonstrated and fully established that the replacement of purine and pyrimidine nucleobases in natural nucleosides with those of azole derivatives not only doesnt abolish the biological activity,b ut also endows the leading properties [3]. This inspiration in nucleobase change has been emergedi nt he design and synthesis of well-established non-natural nucleosides, i.e.,ribavirin (virazole), mizoribine (bredinin), pyrazofurine, and tert-butyldimethylsilylspiroaminooxathioledioxide (TSAO),w hich exhibit antiviral, antitumor, and immunosuppressive activities (Fig. 1)[ 4].Since the discovery of zidovudine (AZT; Fig. 1)a sp otent anti-HIV drug [5], enormous efforts were conducted to conjugatethe AZT scaffoldwith various naturally occurring molecules or drugs [6]. In this regard,t he Huisgen azideÀalkyne cycloaddition was found to be ah ighly efficient and reliable tool for tetheringA ZT to diverse molecules [6]. This became the starting point for extensive endeavors to incorporate 1H-1,2,3-triazolyl cores intothe nucleosideframework [7]. In general, the Helv eticaChimica Acta -V ol. 98 (2015) 1210 2015 Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta AG,Z ürich incorporation of the 1H-1,2,3-triazolylgroupinto amolecularscaffold is an interesting task, since the 1H-1,2,3-triazolyl moiety involvesr emarkable biological activities,a s well as recognition by enzymes and receptors in the cell [8]. Moreover, 1H-1,2,3-triazolyl cores are knowna st he non-classical isostere of amideb ecause of having considerable topological and electronic similarities.Given the biological importanceof 1H-1,2,3-triazolyl cores,t hey have been extensively used in the design of new nucleos...