Chemiluminescence from peroxides in polypropylene. Part I: Relation of luminescence to peroxide content

Billingham, N.C.; Then, E.T.H.; Gijsman, Pieter

doi:10.1016/0141-3910(91)90122-8

Cited by 110 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…[15][16][17][18] Figure 1 presents the CL curves for the LDPE, LDPE-SBR, and LDPE-NR at 100°C obtained over a period of 14 days. The oxidation induction time is almost the same for the LDPE-SBR and LDPE-NR samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that CL emitted during the oxidation of polymers correlates well with the oxygen uptake, 16 which indicates that the intensity is proportional to the rate of oxidation. The most significant parameter for pro-oxidant efficiency is the rate of oxidation of the rubber phase, because there is a large amount of unsaturation in this phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid test methods for analyzing degradable polyolefins with a pro-oxidant system

Khabbaz

Albertsson

2001

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Chemiluminescence, size exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to assess differences in oxidation rate between two different pro‐oxidant systems in degradable low‐density polyethylene. The pro‐oxidant formulation used consisted of manganese stearate and natural rubber or manganese stearate and a synthetic, styrene‐butadiene copolymer rubber. The low‐density polyethylene containing the pro‐oxidant with natural rubber showed the highest degradation rate. Chemiluminescence and thermogravimetry were found to be the most effective techniques for establishing the differences between different pro‐oxidant systems. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 2309–2316, 2001

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid test methods for analyzing degradable polyolefins with a pro-oxidant system

Khabbaz

Albertsson

2001

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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“…It has also been suggested that reliable information on the degradation mechanism and kinetic parameters can only be obtained by the use of a set of TG curves recorded at different heating rates [16]. Other examples of NIK studies have included those cited in the chemical education literature [18,29,30], the performance of chemiluminescence experiments under imposed temperature ramps [31][32][33][34][35] and NIK studies of the thermal degradation of cellulose [19,21,36,37].…”

Section: Isothermal and Non-isothermal Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-isothermal depolymerisation kinetics of poly(ethylene oxide)

Cran¹,

Gray²,

Scheirs³

et al. 2011

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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The depolymerization of low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) under mild conditions was studied using a linear temperature ramped non-isothermal technique and the results compared with those obtained from a conventional isothermal technique. The analysis of the non-isothermal kinetic (NIK) data was performed using an original computer program incorporating an algorithm that systematically minimizes the sum of the squares of the residuals between the experimental data and the calculated theoretical kinetic profile in order to extract the kinetic parameters. The results revealed that the depolymerization of PEO proceeds in accordance with the Ekenstam model and follows the Arrhenius equation over the temperature range of ca. 40 to 130C. The NIK analysis resulted in a two-dimensional convergence to produce a unique solution set for the kinetic parameters of E a = 89.4 kJ mol -1 and A = 9.6  10 6 h -1 . These data are consistent with the results obtained from the isothermal experiments. It is proposed that NIK analysis is a quick and reliable means of obtaining kinetic parameters relevant to lifetime predictions in polymers whose degradation behaviour can be considered to be close to ideal.

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“…The area under this curve is, in an inert atmosphere, proportional to the hydroperoxide concentration and is called the total luminescence intensity (TLI). 13 The hydroperoxides decrease in stability during oxidation, and their decomposition leads to the formation of carbonyl groups.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 The interpretation of a CL graph is often complex because CL light emitters might be quenched or photons can be absorbed in the sample. 23 In this study, the differences in the antioxidant efficiency between samples of the same geometry and history have been compared with CL, 13 and this makes the interpretation easier. After 250 h of aging, PE contained less hydroperoxide than PE-toc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Process efficiency and long‐term performance of α‐tocopherol in film‐blown linear low‐density polyethylene

Strandberg¹,

Albertsson²

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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␣-Tocopherol was compared with a commercial phenolic antioxidant (Irganox 1076) as a long-term and process antioxidant in film-blown and compression-molded linear low-density polyethylene. The antioxidant function of ␣-tocopherol was high in the film-blown material, especially in the processing, according to oxygen induction time measurements with differential scanning calorimetry. The residual content of ␣-tocopherol after processing, determined with chromatographic techniques, was less than that of the commercial phenolic antioxidant in both the film-blown and compression-molded materials. The process stabilizing efficiency was nevertheless higher for the material containing ␣-tocopherol. During the long-term stabilization, the efficiency of ␣-tocopherol was less than that of the commercial phenolic stabilizer Irganox 1076 in the thin films, according to chemiluminescence and infrared measurements. The long-term efficiency in the compression-molded samples stabilized with ␣-tocopherol or Irganox 1076 was equally good because of the low loss of both ␣-tocopherol and Irganox 1076 from the thicker films.

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Chemiluminescence from peroxides in polypropylene. Part I: Relation of luminescence to peroxide content

Cited by 110 publications

References 22 publications

Rapid test methods for analyzing degradable polyolefins with a pro-oxidant system

Rapid test methods for analyzing degradable polyolefins with a pro-oxidant system

Non-isothermal depolymerisation kinetics of poly(ethylene oxide)

Process efficiency and long‐term performance of α‐tocopherol in film‐blown linear low‐density polyethylene

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