Chemical Constituents and Insecticidal Activity of <i>Senna italica</i> Mill. from the Sudan

Abstract

The chemical constituents and insecticidal activity of the pods of Senna italica (Caesalpiniaceae, Fabaceae) were investigated. From the chloroform extract of pods, physcion, chrysophanol, chrysophanol-10,10′-bianthrone, chrysophanol-physcion bianthrone and chrysophanolisophyscion bianthrone, were isolated and characterized using different spectral methods. The GC-MS of the n-hexane extract revealed that the major chemical constituents of the oil were 2,6,-di-secbutylphenol (36.69 %), di-n-octylphthalate (12.06 %), eicosane (5.46 %), tetratriacontane (4.87 %) and 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(1,1-dimethyl)-4-methylphenol (4.18 %). The n-hexane extract showed potent insecticidal activity (100 %) against Callosbruchus analis F. This study suggests that S. italica pods cannot be a source of sennosides but for other bioactive compounds.

Bioactivity of 1-octacosanol from Senna crotalarioides (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) to Control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…The n-hexane extract of the pods of Senna italica Mill. (Fabaceae) caused 100% mortality in adults of Callosbruchus analis F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (Yagi et al 2013). The leaf extract from Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S.…”

“…Previous phytochemical studies have allowed the identification of a variety of compounds found in Senna spp., including alkaloids (Moo-Puc et al 2007), anthraquinones (Branco et al 2011), cardiac glycosides (Essiett & Bassey 2013), glucosides (sennosides) (Monkheang et al 2011), naphthopyrones (Graham et al 2004), phenols (Viegas Junior et al 2013, saponins (Oluwole et al 2016), triterpenes, (Luximon-Ramma et al 2002, among others. The metabolic content of Senna species has been associated with a variety of biological properties, including insecticidal activity (Yagi et al 2013;de Souza Tavares et al 2014;Vasudev et al 2015). Senna crotalarioides (Cassia crotalarioides Kunth [Fabaceae]) is an arborous species distributed in various states of Mexico (Estrada et al 2004).…”

DNA Barcoding of Selected Medicinal Plant Species from Jordan Using matK, rbcL, and rpoC1 Genes

“…Worth mentioning that the plant's root ethyl acetate extract exhibited anti-tick activity against adults of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes [39]. In addition, chloroform extract of pods had insecticidal activity [40]. The antibacterial activity of the leaf and root extracts of Senna italica showed potent activity against several bacterial species [38].…”

New benzoic acid derivatives from Cassia italica growing in Saudi Arabia and their antioxidant activity

“…Khalaf et al reported the isolation of tinnevellin; emodin, physcion, 2-methoxy-emodin-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene, and rutin from C. italica growing in Egypt ( Khalaf et al, 2019 ). 10,10‘-Chrysophanol bianthrone, chrysophanol, 1,1,8,8‘-tetrahydroxy-6′-methoxy-3,3‘-dimethyl-10,10‘-bianthracen-9,9‘-dione, physcion, and 1,1,8,8‘-tetrahydroxy-7‘-methoxy-3,3‘-dimethyl-10,10‘-bianthracen-9,9‘-dione were separated from C. italica pods growing in Sudan ( Yagi et al, 2013 ). Moreover, (22E)-3-β-hydroxycycloart-22-en-24-one, uvaol, β-sitosterol, daucosterol, emodin, methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate, aloin, 4-hydroxypheny-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and rutin were repoted from aerial parts of Saudi C .…”