Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity, and Mode of Action of Essential Oils against <i>Paenibacillus larvae</i>, Etiological Agent of American Foulbrood on <i>Apis mellifera</i>

Pellegrini, Maria; Alonso-Salces, Rosa M.; Umpiérrez, María Laura; Rossini, Cármen; Fuselli, Sandra R.

doi:10.1002/cbdv.201600382

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Indeed, the inhibition diameter reached 26.3 ± 0.6 mm, compared to 13.7 ± 0.6 mm for the SM♂L1 extract. This phenomenon could be due to the presence of molecules already known for their antibacterial activity, such as germacrene-D [41,42], δ-cadinene [52], elixene [53,54] and β-caryophyllene [39,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Testing of Schinus molle (L.) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Followed by GC-MS Investigation of Biological Active Fractions

et al. 2020

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Schinus molle (L.) is a dioecious plant of the Anacardiaceae family, originating in South America and currently widespread in many regions throughout the world. In this work leaf extracts and derived low-pressure column chromatography (LPCC) fractions of S. molle L. male and female plants were investigated for the antimicrobial activity. Leaf extracts were tested on microbes Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Bacillus subtilis. Furthermore, the extracts showing antimicrobial activity were fractionated by LPCC and the obtained fractions tested on the same microorganism strains. Positive fractions were investigated by gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and were seen to be rich in sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpenoids and other terpens. The obtained effects highlighted the antimicrobial properties of S. molle (L.) leaf compounds and revealed their importance as a source of bioactive molecules of potential pharmaceutical interest. To our knowledge, this is the first paper reporting investigations on the chemical composition of the extracts and derived positive fractions from Schinus molle (L.) plants grown in central Italy

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Testing of Schinus molle (L.) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Followed by GC-MS Investigation of Biological Active Fractions

et al. 2020

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“…Essential Oils (EOs) are complex mixtures of low molecular weight volatile constituents biosynthesized by plants. Pellegrini et al (2017) collected Aloysia polystachia (leaves and flowers), Acantholippia seriphioides (leaves and flowers), Schinus molle (leaves and fruits), Solidago chilensis (leaves and flowers), Lippia turbinate (leaves and flowers), Minthostachys mollis (leaves and flowers), Buddleja globosa (aerial parts) and Baccharis latifolia (aerial parts), native aromatic plants to Argentina, to test for anti-P. larvae activity. All fresh materials were hydrodistilled in situ in a steam generator to provide the EOs that were subsequently analyzed by GC/FID to calculate the relative concentration of each compound.…”

Section: Essential Oils (Eos)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Apiary Management and Antimicrobial Compounds as Alternative Prevention or Treatment for Honeybee Diseases

Chanchao¹,

Stoić²,

Yoshiyama³

et al. 2018

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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Honeybees are important in terms of pollinators and bee products. However, honeybee colonies keep declining due to colony collapse disorder, loss of food sources, environmental deterioration, pesticide exposure and various diseases, as well as the interaction of these causes. Pathogenic infections are high because there is an antagonistic coevolution between host and pathogen/parasite, which leads to a reciprocal adaptation, as well as the weakening of the immune system of the hosts by other (including the above mentioned) compounding factors. Since many antibiotics have been used in apiaries, there is growing public health concern about antibiotic residues in food, while the spread of antibiotic resistant isolates of pathogens is of concern. This review focusses on a management system for apiary hygiene and antimicrobial compounds from natural products. Important traits for apiary management are the habitat quality, landscape heterogeneity, climate, management and health. Successful management can be determined by many criteria, such as the level of honey production/harvesting, the diversity of honey types, disease control and pesticide accumulation. Furthermore, attention to land cover is important because it provides the quality and quantity of nutrients. High elevations and slopes can influence the bee health, as can human actions, including global trade and hobby bee keepers. In order to reduce the use of chemicals and antibiotics in apiaries, the use of alternative compounds from natural products are still required. Compounds inhibiting Paenibacillus larvae larvae, the cause of American foulbrood disease and Varroa mites are very challenging because the bacteria can produce resistant spores and the mites are vectors for many viruses and pathogens. Bee products and plants, both crude and purified forms, can be alternative sources for honeybee disease control. Several substances, like propolis, have already been applied in field experiments. Various crude extracts, volatile compounds and pure compounds appear to have potential in honeybee disease prevention and treatment. It is concluded that the apiary management system and use of suitable alternative compounds from natural products can improve the health and decrease the loss of honeybees.

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“…So far, several approaches to find effective measures against AFB have been investigated, e.g., the application of essential oils [ 51 ], various plant extracts [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ], synthetic indoles against spore germination [ 57 ], bacteriophage therapy [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ], phage lysins [ 63 ], breeding for hygienic behavior [ 64 ], an integrated management strategy for the prevention of outbreaks [ 65 ], or supplementation with beneficial microbiota [ 66 ]. Unfortunately, however, none of these methods have yet shown to be fully effective in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Virulence Strategy against the Honey Bee Pathogenic Bacterium Paenibacillus larvae via Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Bacterial Toxin Plx2A

Ebeling

Pieper

Göbel

et al. 2021

Toxins

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American Foulbrood, caused by Paenibacillus larvae, is the most devastating bacterial honey bee brood disease. Finding a treatment against American Foulbrood would be a huge breakthrough in the battle against the disease. Recently, small molecule inhibitors against virulence factors have been suggested as candidates for the development of anti-virulence strategies against bacterial infections. We therefore screened an in-house library of synthetic small molecules and a library of flavonoid natural products, identifying the synthetic compound M3 and two natural, plant-derived small molecules, Acacetin and Baicalein, as putative inhibitors of the recently identified P. larvae toxin Plx2A. All three inhibitors were potent in in vitro enzyme activity assays and two compounds were shown to protect insect cells against Plx2A intoxication. However, when tested in exposure bioassays with honey bee larvae, no effect on mortality could be observed for the synthetic or the plant-derived inhibitors, thus suggesting that the pathogenesis strategies of P. larvae are likely to be too complex to be disarmed in an anti-virulence strategy aimed at a single virulence factor. Our study also underscores the importance of not only testing substances in in vitro or cell culture assays, but also testing the compounds in P. larvae-infected honey bee larvae.

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Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity, and Mode of Action of Essential Oils against Paenibacillus larvae, Etiological Agent of American Foulbrood on Apis mellifera

Cited by 40 publications

References 88 publications

Antimicrobial Testing of Schinus molle (L.) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Followed by GC-MS Investigation of Biological Active Fractions

Antimicrobial Testing of Schinus molle (L.) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Followed by GC-MS Investigation of Biological Active Fractions

Review on Apiary Management and Antimicrobial Compounds as Alternative Prevention or Treatment for Honeybee Diseases

Anti-Virulence Strategy against the Honey Bee Pathogenic Bacterium Paenibacillus larvae via Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Bacterial Toxin Plx2A

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