Chemical Composition and Enzymatic Screening of Micromeria fruticosa serpyllifolia Volatile Oils Collected from Three Different Regions of West Bank, Palestine

Abstract

Introduction Volatile oils (VOs) have been commonly used in cosmetics and food as fragrances, flavoring, and preservative agents or in alternative medicine for their therapeutic effects. This necessitates investigating those plants and their VOs. This study was conducted to investigate the chemical compositions of the VOs of Micromeria fruticosa serpyllifolia growing widely in three regions in Palestine (i.e., Hebron, Ramallah, and Nablus districts representing south, middle, and north of West Bank). Afterwards, VOs were subjected to in vitro screening and their enzymatic properties were compared. Methods The analysis of chemical components of VOs was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antilipase activity was evaluated using porcine pancreatic lipase and p-nitrophenyl butyrate. The antiamylase activity was assessed using porcine pancreatic α-amylase, starch, and 3,5-dinitrosalicylic. Results Plant extracts yield range was 0.67 to 0.99 w/w%. GC-MS analysis showed the high percentages of oxygenated components in the range of 86.1-89.88% and nonoxygenated components in the range of 4.38-4.71%. Seven components were observed, pulegone was the most abundant component in the three samples in the range of 74.43-86.04%, and isomenthone was the second most abundant component with the range of 3.16-14.41%. The sample collected from Nablus showed the most potent antilipase and antiamylase activity with IC50 values of 39.81 μg/mL and 3.31 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusions The study showed that Micromeria fruticosa serpyllifolia volatile oils samples from different regions in Palestine contained different proportions of phytochemicals which provided different potential biological activities such as antiobesity and antidiabetes activities that were in line with traditional uses of the plant extracts. The plant extracts showed higher antilipase and antiamylase potency than that of the relative references and there were significant differences in these activities compared to each other.

Screening of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Micromeria fruticosa serpyllifolia Volatile Oils: A Comparative Study of Plants Collected from Different Regions of West Bank, Palestine

“…Volatile oils of the three samples of M. fruticosa serpyllifolia were extracted using microwave-ultrasonic apparatus; still, the results of this section can be obtained from the previously published work by the same research group [ 18 ]. However, these results are shown in Figure 1 modified from [ 18 ]. Briefly, Figure 1 represents the chemical composition obtained using GC-MS analysis in which the most abundant components in all three samples were pulegone and isomenthone.…”

“…The authors of the current study conducted several tests on wild-growing M. fruticosa serpyllifolia in three regions in the West Bank area in Palestine. Part of these tests has been published previously [ 18 ]. Specifically, structural elucidation and identification of the chemical composition using the GC-MS analysis section represent shared results with this study, therefore elaborating and discussing some aspects linked to the findings of the published manuscript.…”

Fingerprinting, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anticancer, Cyclooxygenase and Metabolic Enzymes Inhibitory Characteristic Evaluations of Stachys viticina Boiss. Essential Oil

“…viticina revealed weak porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity with an IC 50 value of 501.18 ± 0.38 µg/mL compared to that of antiobesity available drug Orlistat (IC 50 = 12.3 ± 0.33 µg/mL). Salameh et al reported that EO of Micromeria fruticosa serpyllifolia leaves (Lamiaceae) exhibited potent antilipase activity with an IC 50 value of 39.81 µg/mL, which is better than that of S. viticina EO (IC 50 = 501.18 ± 0.38 µg/mL) [18].…”

Micromeria fruticosa Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Breast and Colorectal Cancer Cells

“…Micromeria fruticosa (L.) Druce subsp. Serpyllifolia is a perennial aromatic shrub belongs to the Lamiaceae family and widely grown in the Mediterranean regions [4]. The plant is commonly used in folk medicine as a herbal infusion to alleviate many illnesses, such as abdominal cramps, diarrhea, colds, ocular infection, cardiac disorders and wounds [5,6].…”

“…The plant is commonly used in folk medicine as a herbal infusion to alleviate many illnesses, such as abdominal cramps, diarrhea, colds, ocular infection, cardiac disorders and wounds [5,6]. Few reports on M. fruticosa have confirmed its multi-therapeutic potentialities, such as anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective [7,8], analgesic [9], antiobesity and antidiabetic activities [4]. Moreover, the aqueous extract and the volatile oil of M. fruticosa were previously screened for their antitumor activities against human colon tumor cells (HCT-116) and mammary carcinoma F7 (MCF-7), however, the underlying mechanism was not explored [10].…”