Chemical composition and amino acid profiles of goose muscles from native Polish breeds

Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the chemical and amino acid composition of breast (pectoralis major) and thigh (biceps femoris) muscles in 17-wk-old geese from 2 Polish conservative flocks: Rypińska (Ry, n = 20) and Garbonosa (Ga, n = 20). The geese were fed ad libitum during the experimental period on the same complete feed. Genotypes affected the moisture and fat content of breast and thigh meat. The Ga geese were characterized by higher moisture as well as lower fat lipid content compared with the Ry breast and thigh muscles. The amino acid proportions of meat proteins depended on the goose flock and type of muscles, where significant differences were found. The proteins of Ga breast muscles contained more glutamic acid, glycine, lysine, tryptophan, histidine, and methionine, and less aspartic acid, proline, serine, leucine, valine, phenyloalanine, tyrosine, and threonine than the Ry geese (P ≤ 0.05). The proteins of Ry thigh muscles were characterized by higher content of proline, serine, and essential amino acids (without lysine and methionine) and lower glutamic and asparagine acid, alanine, and glycine compared with the Ga flock. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (1991) standard, tryptophan was the amino acid limiting the nutritional value of meat proteins of Ry breast muscles (amino acid score for tryptophan = 90%). Except for tryptophan, the meat proteins of the investigated raw materials contained more essential amino acids than the standard. The total content of essential amino acids for all investigated muscles was also higher (52.51 to 55.54%) than the standard (33.90%). It is evident that muscle protein from both flocks of geese have been characterized by high nutritional value. The values of the essential amino acid index of breast muscle proteins were similar in both flocks.

Polymorphism of the Myostatin (MSTN) Gene in Landes and Kielecka Geese Breeds

“…Statistical analyses showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between breeds and between sexes within breeds for the studied trait. The obtained results demonstrate the high impact of breed and sex on body weight in the studied geese breeds, which is consistent with studies conducted elsewhere [22,23]. Based on the analysis of genotypes and the occurrence of significant statistical relationship for the characteristics of BW, the identified polymorphism cannot be clearly linked to the body weight of the studied geese breeds.…”

“…Recent studies proved the high value of lipids and amino acids composition of local geese breeds [21]. It is well accepted that the body weight, as well as qualitative traits in geese, are strongly dependent on genotype [22][23][24]. However, the molecular background of meat production remains to be elucidated.…”

The effect of age, genotype and sex on carcass traits, meat quality and sensory attributes of geese

“…This trend is very similar to the results of our study and is because the lipid content of the breast increases with age at the expense of the water content. Okruszek et al [ 5 ] observed significantly different fat content between two native polish goose breeds. When compared the meat fat content of the White Koluda hybrid strains [ 11 ] to the fat content of the traditional goose breeds [ 5 ], lower values were detected in traditional breeds of geese.…”

“…Over time special hybrids have been bred for intensive meat production system. However, in recent years, attention has focused again on the meat production of native breeds of geese [ 3 , 4 , 1 , 5 ]. These breeds of geese are characterized by good musculature and low carcass fatness, as well as high dressing percentage [ 6 ].…”

Wpływ żywienia i genotypu gęsi na cechy dysekcyjne tuszki i jakość mięsa – przegląd badań naukowych

“…, 2012b; Biesiada-Drzazga i in. 2011], w składzie aminokwasowym białka [Okruszek 2013] oraz we właściwościach fizykochemicznych mięśni [Ács i in. 1995;Butler i in.…”