Chemical and microbiological soil characteristics controlling glyphosate mineralisation in Danish surface soils

Herbicides in the Soil Environment: Linkage between Bioavailability and Microbial Ecology

“…Accordingly, increases in bacterial abundance and biomass and fungal counts (Araújo et al, 2003;Ratcliff et al, 2006) after glyphosate doses comparable to field rates have been observed. Supporting the hypothesis of a bacterial role in glyphosate dissipation, Gimsing et al (2004) found a high correlation between glyphosate mineralization rates and Pseudomonas spp. counts in five different Danish soils.…”

“…counts in five different Danish soils. Moreover, two soils with high glyphosate mineralization rates also showed high CFU counts (Gimsing et al, 2004). Conversely, low rates of 2,4-D (< 10 mg kg -1 soil) have no effects on heterotrophic bacteria counts (Ka et al, 1995;Merini et al, 2007;Zabaloy et al, 2010).…”

“…As opposed to degradation in pure-culture experiments, glyphosate degradation in soil occurs without a lag phase, further suggesting a co-metabolic process as enzymes were present in soil before the application of the herbicide (Borggaard & Gimsing, 2008). Moreover, no adaptation to glyphosate degradation has been observed in soils with long histories of herbicide treatment (Gimsing et al, 2004). Lancaster et al (2009) reported that the total amount of 14 CO 2 evolved from glyphosate was reduced with repeated herbicide applications compared to a single application, which proved that biodegradation was not enhanced (i.e., no evidence of accelerated degradation) and was probably the result of a co-metabolic process.…”

Unexpected Side Effects of Herbicides: Modulation of Plant-Pathogen Interactions

“…Repeated applications favour species belonging to the group of Proteobacteria in glyphosate-treated soils than occurring in untreated control soils (Lancaster et al, 2010); glyphosate mineralisation was reduced when glyphosate was applied several times. Gimsing et al (2004) found that glyphosate mineralisation rates are positively correlated with Pseudomonas spp. population size.…”

Transformação genética e aplicação de glifosato na microbiota do solo, fixação biológica de nitrogênio, qualidade e segurança de grãos de soja geneticamente modificada

“…(GIMSING et al, 2004), os resíduos de glifosato e do metabólito ácido aminometilfosfônico (AMPA) em nódulos e no solo (REDDY & ZABLOTOWICZ, 2003;ARAÚJO et al, 2003a), a redução da FBN (KING et al, 2001;ZABLOTOWICZ & REDDY, 2007), a redução no conteúdo de leg-hemoglobina nos nódulos (REDDY et al, 2000), além de resíduos de glifosato e AMPA nos grãos (DUKE et al, 2003).…”