Checklist of the Myriapoda in Cretaceous Burmese amber and a correction of the Myriapoda identified by Zhang (2017)

Wesener‍, Thomas; Moritz‍, Leif

doi:10.15560/14.6.1131

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…The presence of 35 body rings, free sternites, pleurotergites with subparallel crests, well-separated from one another, a dorsal midline suture, a telson bearing spinnerets, a tripartite hypoproct and a pair of long retractable vulvae, allow the species to be unequivocally assigned to the order Callipodida. Fossil Callipodida could be confused with the nowadays much more common Cambalidea (Spirostreptida), which are known from 20 specimens in Burmese amber (Wesener and Moritz 2018), but cambalideans have neither a middorsal tergal suture nor spinnerets, both of which are clearly visible in Burmanopetaluminexpectatum gen. nov. et sp. nov. Fossil Callipodida might also be confused with species of Stemmiulida, which are known from eight specimens in Burmese amber, both orders showing similar habitus and tergite ornamentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Callipodida is the rarest among all millipede orders preserved in Burmese amber, with only a single specimen out of 529 specimens hitherto known (Wesener and Moritz 2018; Jiang et al 2019). Even nowadays Callipodida are far less common compared than Julida, Polydesmida, Spirostreptida, Chordeumatida, and Spirobolida, which prevail in temperate and tropical forests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the known Paleozoic millipedes significantly differ from extant forms and the Cenozoic fossils can be placed in extant families and genera, the fossil record of millipedes in the entire Mesozoic Era was considered extremely poor (see Shear 1998; Shear and Edgecombe 2010; Edgecombe 2015) until recent discoveries in Burmese amber (Liu et al 2017a; Wesener and Moritz 2018; Jiang et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the great importance of Burmese amber for the understanding of the Myriapoda fossil record and historical biogeography was demonstrated with the discovery of two species of the enigmatic order Siphoniulida (Liu et al 2017a), a species of the order Siphonophorida (Jiang et al 2019), and the first known fossil representative of the Symphyla family Scolopendrellidae (Moritz and Wesener 2018). A recent investigation of 460 newly discovered Diplopoda inclusions in Burmese amber included specimens belonging to 13 of the 16 extant orders, as well as the oldest known fossil representatives for eight extant orders (Wesener and Moritz 2018). Among the 529 millipede specimens hitherto known from Burmese amber (Wesener and Moritz 2018; Jiang et al 2019), a single female specimen belongs to the order Callipodida, and its description is the purpose of this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent investigation of 460 newly discovered Diplopoda inclusions in Burmese amber included specimens belonging to 13 of the 16 extant orders, as well as the oldest known fossil representatives for eight extant orders (Wesener and Moritz 2018). Among the 529 millipede specimens hitherto known from Burmese amber (Wesener and Moritz 2018; Jiang et al 2019), a single female specimen belongs to the order Callipodida, and its description is the purpose of this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dwarfs under dinosaur legs: a new millipede of the order Callipodida (Diplopoda) from Cretaceous amber of Burma

Stoev¹,

Moritz‍²,

Wesener‍³

2019

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The entire Mesozoic Era is rather poor in millipede (class Diplopoda) fossils, with less than a dozen species being taxonomically described. Here, we describe the first fossil millipede of the order Callipodida, Burmanopetaluminexpectatumgen. nov. et sp. nov., found in early Cenomanian amber of Burma, 98.79±0.62 Mya. The species possesses a number of morphological traits that exclude it from all extant suborders, and Burmanopetalidea suborder nov. and Burmanopetalidae fam. nov. are here erected to accommodate it. The new suborder can be recognized by the following unique characters: pleurotergal setae absent; telson with a specific spatulate shape twice the size of the penultimate body ring; hypoproct devoid of setae; and eyes composed of five well-separated ommatidia. While the callipodidan habitus seems to have remained generally unchanged for at least 99 million years, pleurotergal and hypoproctal setation, as well as the complexity of eyes in ground-dwelling forms may have evolved recently in the order. As B.inexpectatumgen. nov. et sp. nov. is the first true callipodidan in the fossil record, the minimum age of Callipodida is thus at least 99 Mya.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dwarfs under dinosaur legs: a new millipede of the order Callipodida (Diplopoda) from Cretaceous amber of Burma

Stoev¹,

Moritz‍²,

Wesener‍³

2019

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Convergent evolution of defensive appendages – a lithobiomorph-like centipede with a scolopendromorph-type ultimate leg from about 100 million-year-old amber

Haug

2023

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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Centipedes are predatory representatives of the group Myriapoda and important components of the soil and leaf-litter fauna. The first pair of trunk appendages is modified into venom-injecting maxillipeds in all centipedes. The number of trunk appendage pairs varies between the different groups of centipedes, from 15 pairs as apparently ancestral (plesiomorphic) condition, up to 191 pairs. The last pair of trunk legs can be used for different tasks in centipedes, e.g. mechano-sensation, defense, or stridulation. Many morphological details are also known from fossil centipedes, but especially the oldest fossils are often fragmentary and the fossil record in general is rather scarce. Especially the late appearance of lithobiomorphans in Cenozoic ambers is notable, though some not formally described lithobiomorph-like specimens from Cretaceous amber from Myanmar have been published. We present here a new specimen from Cretaceous Kachin amber, Myanmar with a lithobiomorph-type of morphology, Lithopendra anjafliessae gen. et sp. nov. The very large ultimate leg appears to have been used for defence and is, in relative proportions, larger than in any known lithobiomorphan, only comparable to that in scolopendromorphans. With this, the specimen presents a mixture of characters, which are in the modern fauna only known from two different centipede groups. We discuss the implications of this new fossil, also concerning events of convergence in this lineage.

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The first known fossils of the Platydesmida—an extant American genus in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Diplopoda: Platydesmida: Andrognathidae)

Moritz‍

Wesener‍

2019

Org Divers Evol

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Checklist of the Myriapoda in Cretaceous Burmese amber and a correction of the Myriapoda identified by Zhang (2017)

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Dwarfs under dinosaur legs: a new millipede of the order Callipodida (Diplopoda) from Cretaceous amber of Burma

Dwarfs under dinosaur legs: a new millipede of the order Callipodida (Diplopoda) from Cretaceous amber of Burma

Convergent evolution of defensive appendages – a lithobiomorph-like centipede with a scolopendromorph-type ultimate leg from about 100 million-year-old amber

The first known fossils of the Platydesmida—an extant American genus in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Diplopoda: Platydesmida: Andrognathidae)

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