Charging the giant gas fields of the NW Siberia basin

Fjellanger, Erik; Конторович, А. Э.; Barboza, Scott A.; Burshtein, L. M.; Hardy, Martine J.; Лившиц, В Р

doi:10.1144/0070659

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In addition, the gas flaring end-member could deviate from the herein applied value. This end-member depends on the hydrocarbon composition of the flared gas and, to a certain degree, on the biogeochemical origin of the hydrocarbons (49,50), i.e., the isotope end-member is most likely dependent on the local origin of the gas flaring BC. Currently, only one study on the end-members of gas flaring exists (44), illustrating the need for more measurements, especially close to sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siberian Arctic black carbon sources constrained by model and observation

Winiger

Andersson

Eckhardt

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

112

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Black carbon (BC) in haze and deposited on snow and ice can have strong effects on the radiative balance of the Arctic. There is a geographic bias in Arctic BC studies toward the Atlantic sector, with lack of observational constraints for the extensive Russian Siberian Arctic, spanning nearly half of the circum-Arctic. Here, 2 y of observations at Tiksi (East Siberian Arctic) establish a strong seasonality in both BC concentrations (8 ng·m −3 to 302 ng·m −3) and dual-isotopeconstrained sources (19 to 73% contribution from biomass burning). Comparisons between observations and a dispersion model, coupled to an anthropogenic emissions inventory and a fire emissions inventory, give mixed results. In the European Arctic, this model has proven to simulate BC concentrations and source contributions well. However, the model is less successful in reproducing BC concentrations and sources for the Russian Arctic. Using a Bayesian approach, we show that, in contrast to earlier studies, contributions from gas flaring (6%), power plants (9%), and open fires (12%) are relatively small, with the major sources instead being domestic (35%) and transport (38%). The observation-based evaluation of reported emissions identifies errors in spatial allocation of BC sources in the inventory and highlights the importance of improving emission distribution and source attribution, to develop reliable mitigation strategies for efficient reduction of BC impact on the Russian Arctic, one of the fastestwarming regions on Earth.Arctic haze | atmospheric transport modeling | emission inventory | carbon isotopes | climate change B lack carbon (BC) is a short-lived climate pollutant, formed during incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels and contributes to the amplified warming in the Arctic (1-4). However, estimates of the magnitude of added radiative forcing to the global atmosphere by BC span a large range (0.2 W·m −2 to 1 W·m −2 ) (1, 5). Due to its short atmospheric lifetime, BC is a potential target for climate change mitigation. Historically, BC concentrations have been decreasing in the Arctic air (6), but their future fate is unclear. Projections range from increasing concentrations due to a decrease in rainfall (wet scavenging) (7), changes in wind patterns (8), an increase in emissions from wildfires (9), and increased shipping and extraction of natural resources (10) to decreasing concentrations due to more efficient wet scavenging (8). Chemical transport and climate model predictions of BC in the Arctic were, until recently, unsatisfactory and failed to reproduce the observed magnitude and amplitude of BC concentrations (11, 12). However, developments in atmospheric transport models show increasing model skills (12), especially for the European Arctic (13). A key component to the model−observation offset is the large uncertainty connected to emission inventories (EIs) (14-16) used by the models. Implications of these model uncertainties include challenges of accurately assessing the radiative forcing of BC (1, 17). Improveme...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siberian Arctic black carbon sources constrained by model and observation

Winiger

Andersson

Eckhardt

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

112

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“…Firstly, this basin is one of the largest petroleum provinces in the world [30]. Secondly, most of the basin modellers prefer to assume the pre-Jurassic strata as a crustal laterally homogeneous layer (e.g., [31][32][33][34][35]), although these strata actually have a complex heterogeneous nature [36]. The reason for such an assumption is twofold.…”

Section: Central Part Of the Western Siberian Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Impact of Basement Heterogeneity on Thermal History Reconstruction: The Western Siberian Basin

2022

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Some of the simplifying assumptions frequently used in basin modelling may adversely impact the quality of the constructed models. One such common assumption consists of using a laterally homogeneous crustal basement, despite the fact that lateral variations in its properties may significantly affect the thermal evolution of the model. We propose a new method for the express evaluation of the impact of the basement’s heterogeneity on thermal history reconstruction and on the assessment of maturity of the source rock. The proposed method is based on reduced-rank inversion, aimed at a simultaneous reconstruction of the petrophysical properties of the heterogeneous basement and of its geometry. The method uses structural information taken from geological maps of the basement and gravity anomaly data. We applied our method to a data collection from Western Siberia and carried out a two-dimensional reconstruction of the evolution of the basin and of the lithosphere. We performed a sensitivity analysis of the reconstructed basin model to assess the effect of uncertainties in the basement’s density and its thermal conductivity for the model’s predictions. The proposed method can be used as an express evaluation tool to assess the necessity and relevance of laterally heterogeneous parametrisations prior to a costly three-dimensional full-rank basin modelling. The method is generally applicable to extensional basins except for salt tectonic provinces.

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“…Here, the same geological scenario was applied to our target field. The geological hypothesis was supported through basin modeling analysis using ExxonMobil's Stellar TM software which is widely applied [20][21][22] for evaluating hydrocarbon charging/migration/distribution. Asphaltene compounds were predicted to preferentially precipitate as oil migrated into the rim limestones and in the uppermost Unit 1 platform reservoir.…”

Section: Geological Information Integratedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology and Geohistory Contribute to Flow Assurance

Yonebayashi

Tosic

O'Brien

2012

SPE Europec/Eage Annual Conference

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Kashagan is a super giant offshore carbonate field which was discovered in 2000 by a consortium of oil companies (currently, affiliates of): ExxonMobil, ENI, Shell, TOTAL, Conoco-Phillips, INPEX and KazMunaiGaz. The field is located in an environmentally sensitive area of the North Caspian Sea. The field is a deep, large structural relief, over pressured, isolated, carbonate build-up with a high-permeability, karstified and fractured rim and relatively low-permeability platform interior. The field contains a sour, undersaturated light oil with a large gas content. High pressure miscible gas injection is planned for oil recovery enhancement, as well as sulfur management.No-one doubts the importance of flow assurance in offshore projects in particular. Moreover, it is now well known that gas injection operations require the evaluation of asphaltene deposition risk. The consortium has undertaken extensive evaluations to ascertain the likelihood of any flow assurance risks from subsurface to surface. During the asphaltene risk evaluation, many bottomhole samples have been collected and analyzed for asphaltene content, asphaltene onset pressure (AOP), and SARA (saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes). These continuous analysis efforts have revealed some anomalous results such as AOP being detected from some fluid samples while not being detected from others.The apparently inconsistent AOP results are critical to understand how to guide flow assurance measures. Therefore, all available asphaltene data were re-assessed in all their aspects to attempt to clarify asphaltene risk. This paper presents a multidisciplinary approach where a synergy between reservoir engineering and geoscience (geology and geohistory) has been developed to explain AOP results for this complex fluid. The results should help flow assurance specialists to better define the asphaltene operating envelope, which will be used for reservoir and production operations optimization. In addition, these results should be useful for optimizing data-surveillance, flow assurance, and for defining new sample acquisition plans. These findings may also be helpful to minimize future sampling and fluids analysis while achieving reliable flow assurance. The paper will show examples of the related flow assurance analyses, and the geological information which were incorporated in the study, resulting in a detailed asphaltene matrix risk profile for this reservoir.

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Charging the giant gas fields of the NW Siberia basin

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Siberian Arctic black carbon sources constrained by model and observation

Siberian Arctic black carbon sources constrained by model and observation

Estimation of the Impact of Basement Heterogeneity on Thermal History Reconstruction: The Western Siberian Basin

Geology and Geohistory Contribute to Flow Assurance

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