Characterizing the genetic risk for Type 2 diabetes in a Malaysian multi‐ethnic cohort

Abdullah, Nor Azizan; Murad, Nor Azian Abdul; Attia, John; Oldmeadow, Christopher; Haniff, Ezanee Azlina Mohd; Syafruddin, Saiful Effendi; Jalal, Nazihah Abd; Ismail, Noorhassim; Ishak, Muhiddin; Jamal, Rahman; Scott, Rodney J.; Holliday, E. G.

doi:10.1111/dme.12735

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…The reported prevalence of MetS in Malaysia is 27·5%, whereas we found prevalence of 16·3% in the MLS population; a lower trend which may be explained by our study’s exclusion criteria at recruitment of those previously diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia 32 . In addition association between the genetic risk score and Type 2 diabetes for Malays, Chinese and Indians in Malaysia was low (1.6, 1.7 and 1.0%, respectively) based on 62 identified single nucleotide polymorphisms for Type 2 diabetes 33 . Thus if the different ethnic groups have an equal chance of developing NCDs, then it is highly likely that diet is an important environmental factor contributing to the NCD burden in Malaysia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Dietary Pattern Impact on Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in Malaysia

Karupaiah

Chuah

Chinna

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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We conducted this cross-sectional population study with a healthy multi-ethnic urban population (n = 577) in Malaysia, combining nutritional assessments with cardiometabolic biomarkers defined by lipid, atherogenic lipoproteins, inflammation and insulin resistance. We found diametrically opposing associations of carbohydrate (246·6 ± 57·7 g, 54·3 ± 6·5%-TEI) and fat (total = 64·5 ± 19·8 g, 31·6 ± 5·5%-TEI; saturated fat = 14·1 ± 2·7%-TEI) intakes as regards waist circumference, HDL-C, blood pressure, glucose, insulin and HOMA2-IR as well as the large-LDL and large-HDL lipoprotein particles. Diets were then differentiated into either low fat (LF, <30% TEI or <50 g) or high fat (HF, >35% TEI or >70 g) and low carbohydrate (LC, <210 g) or high carbohydrate (HC, >285 g) which yielded LFLC, LFHC, HFLC and HFHC groupings. Cardiometabolic biomarkers were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between LFLC and HFLC groups. LFLC had significantly higher large-LDL particle concentrations compared to HFHC. HOMA-IR2 was significantly higher with HFHC (1·91 ± 1·85, P < 0·001) versus other fat-carbohydrate combinations (LFLC = 1·34 ± 1·07, HFLC = 1·41 ± 1·07; LFHC = 1·31 ± 0·93). After co-variate adjustment, odds of having HOMA2-IR >1.7 in the HFHC group was 2.43 (95% CI: 1·03, 5·72) times more compared to LFLC while odds of having large-LDL <450 nmol/L in the HFHC group was 1.91 (95% CI: 1·06, 3·44) more compared to latter group. Our data suggests that a HFHC dietary combination in Malaysian adults is associated with significant impact on lipoprotein particles and insulin resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Dietary Pattern Impact on Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in Malaysia

Karupaiah

Chuah

Chinna

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…The current study was a nested case-control study of samples previously selected for large-scale genetic analysis, as described elsewhere [17]. Cases and controls were randomly selected from each major ancestral group (Malay, Chinese and Indian).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to other Asian countries, the rising T2D prevalence in Malaysia appears unlikely to be the effect of known, common genetic risk variants. In a recent Malaysian study, a genetic risk score aggregating 62 validated T2D genetic risk variants explained less than 2% of overall T2D risk in any of the three major ancestral groups [17]. As in other Asian countries, lifestyle factors may be more important and quantifying their effect on population disease risk may help to identify targets for public health intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differing Contributions of Classical Risk Factors to Type 2 Diabetes in Multi-Ethnic Malaysian Populations

Abdullah

Murad

Attia

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is escalating rapidly in Asian countries, with the rapid increase likely attributable to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. Recent research suggests that common genetic risk variants contribute minimally to the rapidly rising prevalence. Rather, recent changes in dietary patterns and physical activity may be more important. This nested case-control study assessed the association and predictive utility of type 2 diabetes lifestyle risk factors in participants from Malaysia, an understudied Asian population with comparatively high disease prevalence. The study sample comprised 4077 participants from The Malaysian Cohort project and included sub-samples from the three major ancestral groups: Malay (n = 1323), Chinese (n = 1344) and Indian (n = 1410). Association of lifestyle factors with type 2 diabetes was assessed within and across ancestral groups using logistic regression. Predictive utility was quantified and compared between groups using the Area Under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). In predictive models including age, gender, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, location, family history of diabetes and average sleep duration, the AUC ranged from 0.76 to 0.85 across groups and was significantly higher in Chinese than Malays or Indians, likely reflecting anthropometric differences. This study suggests that obesity, advancing age, a family history of diabetes and living in a rural area are important drivers of the escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia.

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“…Population level-based investigation of genetic risk score modeling gives an opportunity to compare the degree of genetic load between different ethnicities and can shed light on how it varies across ethnic/racial groups. At present, a limited number of studies are available to examine the genetic susceptibility of T2DM in non-European populations [35,36,37,38], and none of them were performed on the Roma population [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SNP-Based Genetic Risk Score Modeling Suggests No Increased Genetic Susceptibility of the Roma Population to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Werissa

Pikó

Fiatal

et al. 2019

Genes

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Background: In a previous survey, an elevated fasting glucose level (FG) and/or known type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were significantly more frequent in the Roma population than in the Hungarian general population. We assessed whether the distribution of 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with unequivocal effects on the development of T2DM contributes to this higher prevalence. Methods: Genetic risk scores, unweighted (GRS) and weighted (wGRS), were computed and compared between the study populations. Associations between GRSs and FG levels and T2DM status were investigated in separate and combined study populations. Results: The Hungarian general population carried a greater genetic risk for the development of T2DM (GRSGeneral = 15.38 ± 2.70 vs. GRSRoma = 14.80 ± 2.68, p < 0.001; wGRSGeneral = 1.41 ± 0.32 vs. wGRSRoma = 1.36 ± 0.31, p < 0.001). In the combined population models, GRSs and wGRSs showed significant associations with elevated FG (p < 0.001) and T2DM (p < 0.001) after adjusting for ethnicity, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), high-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG). In these models, the effect of ethnicity was relatively strong on both outcomes (FG levels: βethnicity = 0.918, p < 0.001; T2DM status: ORethnicity = 2.484, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The higher prevalence of elevated FG and/or T2DM among Roma does not seem to be directly linked to their increased genetic load but rather to their environmental/cultural attributes. Interventions targeting T2DM prevention among Roma should focus on harmful environmental exposures related to their unhealthy lifestyle.

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Characterizing the genetic risk for Type 2 diabetes in a Malaysian multi‐ethnic cohort

Abstract: This study suggests there is substantial overlap of the genetic risk alleles underlying Type 2 diabetes in Malaysian and other populations.

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Dietary Pattern Impact on Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in Malaysia

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Dietary Pattern Impact on Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in Malaysia

Differing Contributions of Classical Risk Factors to Type 2 Diabetes in Multi-Ethnic Malaysian Populations

SNP-Based Genetic Risk Score Modeling Suggests No Increased Genetic Susceptibility of the Roma Population to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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