Characterizing natural degradation of tetrachloroethene (PCE) using a multidisciplinary approach

Åkesson, Sofia; Sparrenbom, Charlotte; Paul, Catherine J.; Jansson, Robin; Holmstrand, Henry

doi:10.1007/s13280-020-01418-5

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Following the supplemental EVO addition, the cVOCs increased to 16.85 μM with a low of 12.12 μM, and then increased to 14.60 μM on 8 January 2008. PCE concentrations steadily dropped from a baseline average of 1957 μg/L to non-detectable (<1.0 μg/L) by 19…”

Section: Dairy Whey Test Cell Cvoc Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A comparison of PLFA analysis results prior to and following whey addition also showed an OM increase in total biomass. The bacteria Dehalococcoides (DHC), an important genus known to completely reduce cVOCs to ethane [16][17][18][19], increased 6X from baseline to 11 July 2007 (4.6 cells/mL vs. 27.3 cells/mL). The DHC population returned to baseline levels by the Source Zone EVO + Hydrogen Gas Infusion Test Cell (EW-3/IW-2S and IW-2D): Analysis of microbial DNA extracted from EW-3 groundwater samples showed a 2XOM in total population and a 4.5XOM increase in SRBs.…”

Section: Microbiological Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Bioremediation of a Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Plume: A Superfund Site Field Pilot Test

Guerra¹,

Bauer

Reiss

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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The North Railroad Avenue Plume, discovered in 1989, contained chlorinated solvent groundwater plumes extending over 23.5 hectares (58 acres) and three hydrostratigraphic units. The source contaminant, tetrachloroethene, stemmed from release at a dry cleaner/laundromat business. The anaerobic biodegradation byproducts trichloroethene, isomers of dichloroethene (DCE), and vinyl chloride were detected in groundwater samples collected prior to remedial action. The impacted aquifers are the sole source drinking water aquifers for the communities near the site. Following the remedial investigation and feasibility study, the selected alternative for full-scale remedial action at the site was enhanced reductive dichlorination (ERD) focused on four treatment areas: the shallow source zone, the shallow hotspot area, the shallow downgradient area, and the deep zone. Pilot testing, which was conducted in the source zone and hotspot areas, is the subject of this paper. The primary objectives of the pilot test were to obtain the necessary information to select an ERD treatment formulation, dose, and frequency of dosing for use during full-scale remedial action, as well as to refine the site’s hydrogeologic conceptual site model and design parameters. Four (4) test cells, each of which contained well pairs of injection and downgradient extraction wells, were used to test ERD bio-amendment formulations: ethyl lactate, dairy whey, emulsified vegetable oil (EVO), and a combination of EVO and a hydrogen gas infusion. A conservative tracer, bromide, was added to the recirculation flow to record tracer breakthrough, peak, and dissipation at extraction wells. The results of these dipole tracer tests were used to reassess the hydraulic conductivity and hydrodynamic dispersity used in the remedial design. In addition to water quality analyses of contaminants and substrates, groundwater samples were also analyzed for biological analyses before, during, and after the addition of bioamendment. Analyses of phospholipid fatty acids and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extracts from fresh groundwater samples informed decisions on the capacity for complete ERD without DCE stalling and tracked the shifts in the bacterial and archaeal taxonomy and phylogeny stemming from the addition of bioamendments. The pilot test concluded that EVO was the most suitable, considering (1) support of the native microbial consortia for ERD, (2) mechanics and hydraulics of the remediation system, and (3) sustainability/retention of the substrate in the subsurface. Along with EVO, the addition of a nutrient broth derived from brewery waste accelerated and sustained the desired conditions and microbial diversity and population levels. The pilot test results were also used to assess the utilization kinetics of the injected substrates based on total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations measured in the groundwater. After determining that substrate utilization followed Monod kinetics, a TOC threshold at 300 milligrams per liter, equivalent to approximately twice its half-saturation constant was established. Full scale treatment dosing and dose frequency were designed around this threshold, assuming the maximum substrate utilization would yield optimum ERD.

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Section: Dairy Whey Test Cell Cvoc Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Microbiological Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Bioremediation of a Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Plume: A Superfund Site Field Pilot Test

Guerra¹,

Bauer

Reiss

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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“…Perchloroethylene (PCE) is a crucial chemical reagent employed in various industrial processes. Due to inadvertent leakage and improper disposal practices, PCE may persist in groundwater for extended periods, manifesting as a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL), thereby posing a potential hazard to human health (Friendman, 2021; Åkesson, 2020;Brusseau, 2020). Furthermore, the detection of PCE in surface environmental media through volatilization can present challenges (Wiegert, 2012;Jackson, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Separation Efficiency for Compound Specific Stable Chlorine Isotopic Analysis of Perchloroethylene

huang,

zhang,

Liao

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Compound-specific chlorine isotope analysis (Cl-CSIA), combined with isotopic fingerprinting, is an important method for evaluating the characteristic sources of perchloroethylene (PCE) and exploring the environmental behavior of trace PCE, which is a carcinogen in a contaminated aquifer. By adjusting certain parameters of the instruments, gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) for PCE with an innovative HP-5 MS column (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d. × 0.14 µm film thickness) was achieved, thereby improving separation efficiency for the Cl-CSIA of PCE. Study results show that the 37Cl/35Cl ratio of PCE (> 99.5%, GCS, Sinopharm Group Co., Ltd.) was stable at different concentrations and reduced the chromatographic peak time to 3.89 min. The separation time was 10% shorter than that in the conventional method. The most accurate 37Cl/35Cl ratio obtained in the molecular ion method was 0.3156 ± 0.0010 at a concentration of 0.0020 µg/mL. The chlorine isotope ratio calculated using the ion fragment method was 0.3207 ± 0.0018. A relatively large error was obtained at 0.05 µg/mL. Samples whose contents were between 1 and 50 µg/mL were sufficient for the achievement of a chlorine isotope ratio precision (σ) of 1‰. Optimal concentrations were determined, and the relative accuracy and stability of the method were verified by two evaluation methods. Therefore, given the high separation efficiency, a large number of mixed samples containing organochlorine contaminants can be tested within a short period, which can reinforce the research on organic contaminants in groundwater.

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A probabilistic assessment of surface water-groundwater exchange flux at a PCE contaminated site using groundwater modelling

Höglund

Sparrenbom

Hugman³

2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Polluted groundwater discharge at a chlorinated solvent contaminated site in Hagfors, Sweden, is affecting a nearby stream flowing through a sparsely populated area. Because of difficulties related to source zone remediation, decision makers recently changed the short-term site management objective to mitigating discharge of polluted groundwater to the stream. To help formulating targeted remediation strategies pertaining to the new objective, we developed a groundwater numerical decision-support model. To facilitate reproducibility, the modelling workflow was scripted. The model was designed to quantify and reduce the uncertainty of surface water-groundwater (SW-GW) exchange fluxes for the studied period (2016–2020) through the use of history-matching. In addition to classical observations, thermal anomalies detected in fiber optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) measurements were used to inform the model of groundwater discharge. After assessing SW-GW exchange fluxes, we used measurements of surface water chemistry to provide a probabilistic estimation of mass influx and spatio-temporal distributions of contaminated groundwater discharge. Results show 1) SW-GW exchange fluxes are likely to be significantly larger than previously estimated, and 2) prior estimations of mass influx are located near the center of the posterior probability distribution. Based on this, we recommend decision makers to focus remediation action on specific segments of the stream.

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Characterizing natural degradation of tetrachloroethene (PCE) using a multidisciplinary approach

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

In Situ Bioremediation of a Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Plume: A Superfund Site Field Pilot Test

In Situ Bioremediation of a Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Plume: A Superfund Site Field Pilot Test

Improving Separation Efficiency for Compound Specific Stable Chlorine Isotopic Analysis of Perchloroethylene

A probabilistic assessment of surface water-groundwater exchange flux at a PCE contaminated site using groundwater modelling

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