Characterization of tofu produced with different soybean cultivars/ Caracterização de tofu produzido com diferentes cultivares de soja

Abstract

Soybean has good properties for industrial application, including tofu production. Cultivar is one of the major factors that influence food product making potential of soybeans. This study aimed to perform the physicochemical characterization of grains, tofu and okara, as well as the sensory analysis of tofu produced from seven different experimental lines of soybean. CAC TNS showed the lowest 100 grain mass, which was equal to 12.43 g. The protein content of the cultivars showed no significant difference, which ranged from 27.77 % to 36.82 %. For tofu yield, there was no significant difference between all cultivars. Tofu of CP-09, CP-27 and CAC TNS cultivars showed the highest protein concentration and were equal to 12.76 %, 11.58 % e 11.20 %, respectively. Tofu from CP-02, CP-09, CP-12, CAC TN and CAC TNS cultivars had the highest scores for the flavor parameter. However, only tofu from CAC TN and CAC TNS had higher scores for the aroma parameter. Regarding the texture, the tofu from CP-09, CAC TN and CAC TNS showed the highest scores. Thus, CAC TNS cultivar is the most suitable to produce tofu for providing a product with better sensorial acceptance and high nutritional value. The okara obtained from the different cultivars showed considerable amounts of proteins, lipids, minerals and carbohydrates, constituting a potential residue for human consumption. These results could be used as auxiliary guide of tofu manufacturers during raw material selection with characteristics more acceptable by consumers.