Characterization of the circulating serum amyloid A in bottlenose dolphins

Segawa, Tatsuya; Otsuka, Toru; Itou, Takuya; Suzuki, Miwa; Karatani, Nana; Sakai, Takeo

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.12.006

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Published works had the primary aims to evaluate the feasibility of the assays to measure the APPs, to validate the antibody-based assay and to determine the RIs. In bottlenose dolphins three APPs (CRP, SAA, and Hp) were tested, even if not always complete validation studies were performed (54, 61). For these APPs, the authors established the RIs in free-ranging and managed dolphins using automated assays (54) and they found significantly lower SAA and higher Hp levels in free ranging animals.…”

Section: Acute Phase Reaction and Acute Phase Protein In Marine Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, even if some APPs appeared highly conserved among species, an accurate validation of antibody cross reactivity is needed as well as species specific standards and control material (54). Among positive APPs, SAA is the most used across different species: it appeared as the most conserved APP in mammals even if some difference in circulating isoforms were reported (61) and it's considered a major APP in all the mammals in which it was investigated (65). Some commercial SAA assays showed good results also in marine mammals, such as bottlenose dolphin, manatee and striped dolphin (Stenella ceoreloualba) (54, 56, 70) and its use as diagnostic and prognostic marker appears nowadays the most promising.…”

Section: Acute Phase Protein In Marine Mammals: Challenges and Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In veterinary medicine, the validation studies do not always follow all these steps, mainly due to the lack of resources or technical limitation (44, 65). Also in marine mammals, the majority of studies had performed only some steps (44, 54, 56, 61, 62). This is mainly due to the limitation in species-specific reagents, the number of samples from animal with known health status and, last but not least, the capability to generate appropriate reference intervals, hampered the possibility to perform complete validation studies.…”

Section: Acute Phase Protein In Marine Mammals: Challenges and Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Phase Proteins in Marine Mammals: State of Art, Perspectives and Challenges

Gelain

Bonsembiante

2019

Front. Immunol.

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The term “acute phase response” (APR) is referred to a nonspecific and complex reaction of an organism that occurs shortly after any tissue damage, such as infection, trauma, neoplasia, inflammation, and stress. The APR can be identified and monitored with some laboratory tests, such as the concentration of several plasma proteins, the acute phase proteins (APPs). The APPs are components of the non-specific innate immune response, and their plasma concentration is proportional to the severity and/or the extent of tissue damage. The evaluation of health status of marine mammals is difficult because the classical clinical signs of illness used for human and domestic animals are difficult to recognize and understand. For this reason, in the past years, several efforts were done to identify laboratory markers of disease in these animals. The APPs have demonstrated their role as early markers of inflammation in veterinary medicine, thus several APPs were tested in marine mammals, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid-A (SAA), and Haptoglobin (Hp). However, the difficulty to extrapolate the knowledge about APPs in one species to another, the lack of specie-specific reagents, the absence of data about negative APPs have hampered their extent use in marine mammals. Herein, the state of art of APPs in marine mammals is reviewed, with particular attention to pre-analytical and analytical factors that should be taken into account in validation and interpretation of APPs assays. Moreover, the current application, potential utility and the future developments of APPs in marine mammals is highlighted and discussed.

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Section: Acute Phase Reaction and Acute Phase Protein In Marine Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acute Phase Protein In Marine Mammals: Challenges and Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acute Phase Protein In Marine Mammals: Challenges and Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Phase Proteins in Marine Mammals: State of Art, Perspectives and Challenges

Gelain

Bonsembiante

2019

Front. Immunol.

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“…Real-time PCR was performed with an ABI Prism 7500 (Applied Biosystems) and expression levels were calculated using the Ct method relative to an endogenous control gene, ␤-actin as described previously (Segawa et al, 2013). The ␤-actin appeared to be more stable among the tissues of three dolphins because the coefficient of variation (CV) was 5.6%.…”

Section: Analysis Of Dil-10 Mrna Expression In Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and characterization of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) interleukin-10

Segawa

Karatani

Itou

et al. 2013

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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“…In some mammals, including cattle and horses, SAA3 is secreted by the uterus and other nonhepatic organs (18, 19, 29, 30). To better understand the composition and restricted deposition of uterine amyloid in the goats, we performed HPLC‐electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis on amyloid‐positive and control uterine samples to define the sequence of the amyloidogenic protein as well as the most abundant insoluble proteins in the endometrium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein profiling of isolated uterine AA amyloidosis causing fetal death in goats

et al. 2014

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Pathologic amyloid accumulates in the CNS or in peripheral organs, yet the mechanism underlying the targeting of systemic amyloid deposits is unclear. Serum amyloid A (SAA) 1 and 2 are produced predominantly by the liver and form amyloid most commonly in the spleen, liver, and kidney. In contrast, SAA3 is produced primarily extrahepatically and has no causal link to amyloid formation. Here, we identified 8 amyloidosis cases with amyloid composed of SAA3 expanding the uterine wall of goats with near-term fetuses. Uterine amyloid accumulated in the endometrium, only at the site of placental attachment, compromising maternal-fetal gas and nutrient exchange and leading to fetal ischemia and death. No other organ contained amyloid. SAA3 mRNA levels in the uterine endometrium were as high as SAA2 in the liver, yet mass spectrometry of the insoluble uterine peptides identified SAA3 as the predominant protein, and not SAA1 or SAA2. These findings suggest that high local SAA3 production led to deposition at this unusual site. Although amyloid A (AA) amyloid deposits typically consist of an N-terminal fragment of SAA1 or SAA2, here, abundant C-terminal peptides indicated that the uterine amyloid was largely composed of full-length SAA3. The exclusive deposition of SAA3 amyloid in the uterus, together with elevated uterine SAA3 transcripts, suggests that the uterine amyloid deposits were due to locally produced SAA3. This is the first report of SAA3 as a cause of amyloidosis and of AA amyloid deposited exclusively in the uterus.-Gaffney,

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Characterization of the circulating serum amyloid A in bottlenose dolphins

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Acute Phase Proteins in Marine Mammals: State of Art, Perspectives and Challenges

Acute Phase Proteins in Marine Mammals: State of Art, Perspectives and Challenges

Cloning and characterization of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) interleukin-10

Protein profiling of isolated uterine AA amyloidosis causing fetal death in goats

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