Characterization of the biofilm structure and microbial diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria from petroleum produced water supplemented by different carbon sources

Insights into remediation effects and bacterial diversity of different remediation measures in rare earth mine soil with SO42− and heavy metals

“…The SO 4 2− concentration in the CM-L was relatively higher than that of the CM-M, which may have a relationship with the relatively lower Ca(OH) 2 concentration. Meantime, it takes longer to convert SO 4 2− to H 2 S by the SRB ( Santos et al, 2022 ). In addition, CaSO 4 as a low solubility substance released SO 4 2− with time at relatively low pH conditions ( Xing et al, 2022 ).…”

“…According to the variation in contaminant concentration, functional microbes play an important role in the remediation process of SO 4 2− and heavy metals. Scholars discovered that Desulfobacterota was the key phylum for removing SO 4 2− and solidified heavy metals in the acid mine drainage ( Santos et al, 2022 ). The relative abundance of Desulfobacterota in the CM-L, CM-M, and CM-H was higher than the M, which explained that the physical and chemical properties of soil were improved rapidly by the addition of Ca(OH) 2 , and then, inoculated functional microbes were easier to survive and produce a marked effect.…”

“…The higher relative abundance of Desulfobacterota in the CM-M (6.13%) and CM-L (6.11%) were higher than it in the CM-H (3.91%) which due to adding of chemicals greatly changed the physicochemical properties of soil in the CM-H, and then, functional microbes need more time to resist and adapt to the environment, meanwhile, the competition of indigenous microbes was also a major obstacle affecting the colonization of Desulfobacterota ( Geng et al, 2022 ). In addition, Santos et al (2022) found that the addition of chemicals had a great influence on the abundance and diversity of bacterial communities ( Santos et al, 2022 ). Desulfobacterota was the key player in the process of transforming SO 4 2− into H 2 S, and then, achieving the solidification of heavy metals by H 2 S combining with heavy metal in the water-solution state to form stable sulfide in the RM soil ( Lima and Ottosen, 2021 ).…”

“…A significantly negative correlation between functional bacterial species and Pb and Zn was attributed to these microbes producing enough H 2 S to combine with heavy metal, causing the decline of Pb and Zn concentrations. Sinharoy and Pakshirajan (2019) found continuous accumulation of stable sulfide (PbS and ZnS) with the production of H 2 S. In addition, the negative correlation between functional bacterial species and SO 4 2− was due to these microbes’ need for abundant SO 4 2− for growth, proliferation, and self-metabolism ( Santos et al, 2022 ). With the consumption of SO 4 2− , the population and activity of functional microbes were continuously increasing.…”

“…Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are a typical functional bacterial species that can transform SO 4 2− to S 2− by acting as the terminal electron acceptor in the process of dissimilatory sulfate reduction, which is an important reaction in global sulfur cycling ( Santos et al, 2022 ). Previous studies indicated that the SRB belongs to different genera including Desulfomicrobium , Desulfitobacterium , Desulfobulbus , and Dethiosulfovibrio ( Yang Z. et al, 2021 ; Tang et al, 2022 ).…”