Characterization of <sup>60</sup>CO γ-ray induced pod trait of blackgram-A promising yield mutants

Yasmin, K.; Arulbalachandran, D.; Dilipan, E.; Vanmathi, S

doi:10.1080/09553002.2020.1748738

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The physical and chemical mutagenesis creates genetic variation, produces new varieties with enhancing characteristics (4). Mutation breeding can be a valuable technique to traditional breeding methods and have been successful in the improvement of qualitative and quantitative traits in many crops such as cowpea (5)(6)(7), soybean (8,9), black gram (10)(11)(12). Moreover, mutation breeding takes less time, easy to handle and is highly useful in producing crop cultivars than traditional breeding methods (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gamma radiation on quantitative traits and genetic variation of three successive generations of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

2021

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An annual pulse crop cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), commonly named southern pea, is a nourishing constituent for the human diet and fodder. Gamma rays are a potent mutagenic agent to stimulate genetic variation with better characteristics, improving the yield relating traits in crops. Hence, the present study focused on exploring genetic variation between three generations in the mutant populations of cowpea through SCoT markers. The mutant populations of three successive generations, M1, M2 and M3, were induced by different doses [200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 and 1200 Gray (Gy)] gamma irradiation. The results depict that the quantitative characters were reduced by increasing the dosage of gamma irradiation in the M1 generation. In contrast, the second and third generation of plants showed a significant increase in yield and yield contributing traits than control and the maximum increase was noticed at 200 Gy and 400 Gy. Days to first flowering was delayed in irradiated plants than control of M1 generation. In contrast, in consecutive generations (M2 and M3), the early first flowering was noticed at 400 Gy and late flowering was observed at 800 Gy compared respectively to control and other doses. Seed yield per plant mean value was increased at 200 Gy in both generations (M2 and M3); it may produce new genotypes to desirable traits such as yield and quality. SCoT markers were used to explore genetic variation at the genomic level of mutant populations and screened with eight primers. Among them, seven primers showed amplification of 222 bands, in which 133 bands showed polymorphism. The polymorphic bands varied from 3.03–96.07%. The genetic variation, such as the number of different alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon’s information index (I), expected heterozygosity (He) and unbiased expected heterozygosity (uHe) showed an average value of 1.352 ± 0.092, 1.278 ± 0.027, 0.293 ± 0.023, 0.184 ± 0.016, and 0.194 ± 0.016, respectively. AMOVA depicted significant genetic variation between all generations and indicated a total of 95% within populations and 5% among population variation by the marker used. The present investigations prominently showed that the variations induced by gamma irradiation were inherited from successive generations of the improvement in cowpea quantitative traits. This investigation gives acceptable proof that the SCoT markers are a valuable tool to identify the genetic variation among the three generations of cowpea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gamma radiation on quantitative traits and genetic variation of three successive generations of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

2021

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“…Due to its shorter wavelength and higher energy, gamma radiation is capable of penetrating deeper into plant tissues 12 , thus inducing a wide range of mutations which may be desirable to farmers or crop breeders, such as disease and pest resistance, semi-dwarfism, early maturity, and improved plant stature 12 , 13 . Subsequently, the mutants with these desirable traits would be subjected to multi-location field trials (with a minimum of two subsequent generations) to determine their stability, prior to market release 14 – 16 . For example, the rice cultivar ‘Zhefu 802’ which was produced through gamma-ray induction was widely planted in China in the 1990s, due to its excellent properties (increased tolerance to rice blast 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and phenotype recovery of Ananas comosus var. MD2 in response to ionizing radiation

Raffi

Rosli

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Due to their sessile nature, plants are exposed to various environmental stressors such as exposure to high levels of harmful ultraviolet (UV), ionizing, and non-ionizing radiations. This exposure may result in various damages, ranging from DNA and chromosomal aberrations to phenotypic abnormalities. As an adaptation, plants have evolved efficient DNA repair mechanisms to detect and repair any damage caused by exposure to these harmful stressors to ensure their survival. In this study, the effects of gamma radiation (as a source of ionizing radiation) on clonal Ananas comosus var. MD2 was evaluated. The morphology and physiology of the clonal plantlets before and after exposure to gamma radiation were monitored at specific time intervals. The degree of genetic variation between the samples pre- and post-irradiation was also analyzed by using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The resulting data revealed that the heights of the irradiated plantlets were significantly reduced (compared to control), but improved with the recovery period. Irradiated samples also exhibited relatively good photosynthetic efficiency that further improved as the plantlets recover. These observations were supported by the ISSR analysis, where the genetic dissimilarities between the irradiated samples and control were reduced by 0.1017, after 4 weeks of recovery. Overall, our findings suggested that the phenotype recovery of the clonal A. comosus var. MD2 plantlets was contributed by their ability to detect and repair the DNA lesions (as exemplified by the reduction in genetic dissimilarity after 4 weeks) and hence allow the plantlets to undergo phenotype reversion to normal plant stature.

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“…All these mutants varied when compared to control. Both viable and pod mutants were reported in black gram induced by gamma rays (30). Gamma irradiation induced mutants could help breeders to create new variations in the selection of new varieties (31,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

60Co gamma ray induced mutants of cowpea and assessment of genetic variability by SCoT marker

Sankar

Dhanarajan²,

Gurunathan³

et al. 2022

Plant Sci. Today

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Mutagenesis is a well-known technique for introducing new variants into crop plants. In the present study, M2 populations were generated in the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) variety CO7 using gamma irradiation. The M2 progeny were used to investigate the effectiveness of the gamma irradiation doses and examined for the agronomic traits. The genomic variation present in the mutants and their parents was analysed using five SCoT markers. Marker analysis revealed a total of 87 amplicons and among these, 20 amplicons showed polymorphism. The highest numbers of amplicons were observed at SCoT10 (39), while the lowest number of amplicons was produced by SCoT09 (07). The percentage of polymorphism ranged from 18.18% to 28.57%, with an average of 21.12%. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.197 to 0.345. Analysis of Molecular Variation (AMOVA) showed 12% and 88% between the genotypes and within the genotypes respectively. The constructions of 4 clusters were identified through Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) dendrogram tree based on the genetic distance deduced from SCoT marker analysis. Analysis of the genetic relatedness between parent and mutants through Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed two main groups. The present study concludes that the genetic variability induced by gamma irradiation and inherited in the next generations. This research investigation supports that gamma irradiation alters the growth and yield traits, which is helpful for generating the cowpea improvement.

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Characterization of ⁶⁰CO γ-ray induced pod trait of blackgram-A promising yield mutants

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of gamma radiation on quantitative traits and genetic variation of three successive generations of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

Effects of gamma radiation on quantitative traits and genetic variation of three successive generations of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

Genetic and phenotype recovery of Ananas comosus var. MD2 in response to ionizing radiation

60Co gamma ray induced mutants of cowpea and assessment of genetic variability by SCoT marker

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Characterization of 60CO γ-ray induced pod trait of blackgram-A promising yield mutants

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of gamma radiation on quantitative traits and genetic variation of three successive generations of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

Effects of gamma radiation on quantitative traits and genetic variation of three successive generations of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

Genetic and phenotype recovery of Ananas comosus var. MD2 in response to ionizing radiation

60Co gamma ray induced mutants of cowpea and assessment of genetic variability by SCoT marker

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Characterization of ⁶⁰CO γ-ray induced pod trait of blackgram-A promising yield mutants