Characterization of mechanical behavior of woven fabrics: Experimental methods and benchmark results

Abstract

Textile composites made of woven fabrics have demonstrated excellent mechanical properties for the production of high specific-strength products. Research efforts in the woven fabric sheet forming are currently at a point where benchmarking will lead to major advances in understanding both the strengths and the limitations of existing experimental and modeling approaches. Test results can provide valuable information for the material characterization and forming process design of woven composites if researchers know how to interpret the results obtained from varying test methods appropriately. An international group of academic and industry researchers has gathered to design and conduct benchmarking tests of interest to the composite sheet forming community. Shear deformation is the dominative deformation mode for woven fabrics in forming; therefore, trellis-frame (picture-frame) and biasextension tests for both balanced and unbalanced fabrics have been conducted and compared through this collaborative effort. Tests were conducted by seven international research institutions on three identical woven fabrics. Both the variations in the setup of each research laboratory and the normalization methods used to compare the test results are presented and discussed. With an understanding of the effects of testing variations on the results and the normalization methods, numerical modeling efforts can commence and new testing methods can be developed to advance the field.

A Simple Anisotropic Fiber Reinforced Hyperelastic Constitutive Model for Woven Composite Fabrics

“…In this model warp and weft fiber rotation tensor can correctly trace the specific behaviour of woven materials. The results obtained by this model show good accordance with experimental data of double dome benchmark [7]. This paper aims to develop a simple hyperelastic constitutive model based on fiber reinforced continuum mechanics theory to characterize the anisotropic nonlinear material behaviour of woven composite fabrics under large deformation during forming.…”

“…Picture frame (trellising) test on plain weave composite [7] The smoothed average load-displacement is shown in Fig. 4.…”

Experimental determination of the permeability of engineering textiles: Benchmark II

“…This information may in future be helpful to improve the interpretation of the permeability data or to carry out numerical simulations. Shear testing was done using a picture frame [29,30], compression testing was done on the undeformed and sheared fabrics. The results are shown in Figure 3.…”

Design and Potentiality of an Apparatus for Measuring Yarn/Yarn and Fabric/Fabric Friction

“…Several key entry parameters for the simulation models need to be determined. The mechanical properties of a fabric ply have been widely studied [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and many teams are still working on this topic to refine the knowledge of the composite community. However, in addition to the ply properties, the fabric/tool contacts and, when dealing with multi-ply forming, the fabric/fabric contact have to be studied and modelled.…”

“…In addition, very different unit cell sizes and anisotropy also have to be dealt with. This suggests that specific experimental equipment should be considered to take into account these specifications [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”