Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/ Silk Fibroin/ Chitosan Scaffold for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Tissue engineering (TE) is a modern medical approach to reconstruct damage tissue in a shorter period. Scaffold is the main structure for cells adhesion and provides 3D space for cell proliferation and growth. Biomaterials were selected to fabricate a scaffold according to properties and target tissues. In this study, Hydroxyapatite (HA), Silk Fibroin (SF), and Chitosan (CS) were selected to fabricate the scaffold in different combination ratios by freeze drying (FD) technique. According to the physical properties of the fabricated scaffold, cartilage tissue was selected as a study target area for the future medical application. Scaffold characterization was performed to observe the scaffolds properties in each materials ratio. In this study, CS scaffold provided highest abilities which related to cartilage tissue structure. Moreover, the combination of SF in CS provided highest ability for cartilage cell proliferation in vitro. Therefore, CS could be used as a cartilage scaffold for cartilage TE and SF could be added to increased the cells viability of the scaffold.

The 3D-Printed Bilayer’s Bioactive-Biomaterials Scaffold for Full-Thickness Articular Cartilage Defects Treatment

“…Because of the similar structure of CS and GAGs, there are several studies regarding the fabricated CS scaffold for cartilage regeneration [ 89 , 90 , 91 ]. CS can provide a good structure for cartilage cell adhesion, and other bioactive materials or growth factors can be added to encourage cell proliferation [ 57 , 92 , 93 ]. In this study, SF was added to increase the cell proliferation ability.…”

Chitosan/Silk Fibroin Materials for Biomedical Applications—A Review

“…Chitosan/silk fibroin blend has been used by several researchers for the fabrication 3D composites containing hydroxyapatite (Hap) [ 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 ]. A new material based on hydroxyapatite/chitosan-silk fibroin (Hap/CTS-SF) in the form of the composite was prepared for bone repair and replacement by a co-precipitation method by Wang et al [ 157 ].…”

“…Chitosan-silk sericin/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites by in situ precipitation were developed by Chen et al [ 165 ]. In fabrication of composite, the mixing ratio of hydroxyapatite, silk fibroin, and chitosan is crucial to get appropriate properties for biomedical applications [ 166 , 167 , 168 ].…”

Functionalized Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Focused Review

“…The combination of CS and SF in the ratio of 0.5:0.5 exhibits better cellular proliferations. Also, chitosan based composite scaffold provides better pore morphology, pore size, and porosity and displays the highest swelling ability …”

“…Also, chitosan based composite scaffold provides better pore morphology, pore size, and porosity and displays the highest swelling ability. 151 Kumar et al prepared cuttle bone derived HAP-loaded PVA composite hydrogel by freeze−thaw method for articular cartilage replacement. Here, 1.5 wt % HAP composite hydrogel shows better compressive strength.…”