Characterization of Human Body-Based Thermal and Vibration Energy Harvesting for Wearable Devices

Wahbah, Maisam; Alhawari, Mohammad; Mohammad, Baker; Saleh, Hani; Ismail, Mohammed

doi:10.1109/jetcas.2014.2337195

Cited by 132 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[184,191] In the device, p-and n-type nodes were integrated as a thermocouple. [196] In terms of mass, 330 μW g -1 was reported from a rigid TEG with a heat sink operating at 22.6 ± 0.4 °C with a 0.9 m s -1 air flow. The rim structure was designed to prevent the decrease in the parasitic heat and had the traditional sandwich structure with thermopiles placed between a hot plate and a cold plate.…”

Section: Potential Applications and Benchmarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber‐Based Thermoelectric Generators: Materials, Device Structures, Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications

Zhang

Lin

Tao

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

112

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Fiber‐based flexible thermoelectric energy generators are 3D deformable, lightweight, and desirable for applications in large‐area waste heat recovery, and as energy suppliers for wearable or mobile electronic systems in which large mechanical deformations, high energy conversion efficiency, and electrical stability are greatly demanded. These devices can be manufactured at low or room temperature under ambient conditions by established industrial processes, offering cost‐effective and reliable products in mass quantity. This article presents a critical overview and review of state‐of‐the‐art fiber‐based thermoelectric generators, covering their operational principle, materials, device structures, fabrication methods, characterization, and potential applications. Scientific and practical challenges along with critical issues and opportunities are also discussed.

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Section: Potential Applications and Benchmarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber‐Based Thermoelectric Generators: Materials, Device Structures, Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications

Zhang

Lin

Tao

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

112

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“…[1,2] Depending on the application, our natural environment offers several forms of energy to be converted, such as solar power, wind energy, flowing water and mechanical energy. These systems are normally powered by batteries, which need to be replaced or recharged, pollute the environment once thrown away, and are in general volumetrically the largest component of the harvester.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Composite Materials for Energy Harvesting Applications

et al. 2018

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Vibrational piezoelectric energy harvesters are being investigated to replace batteries in embedded sensor systems. The energy density that can be harvested depends on the figure of merit, d33g33, where d33 and g33 are the piezoelectric charge and voltage coefficient. Commonly used piezoelectric materials are based on inorganic ceramics, such as lead zirconium titanate (PZT), as they exhibit high piezoelectric coefficients. However, ceramics are brittle, leading to mechanical failure under large cyclic strains and, furthermore, PZT is classified as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC). To circumvent these drawbacks, we fabricated quasi 1–3 potassium sodium lithium niobate (KNLN) ceramic fibers in a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. The fibers were aligned by dielectrophoresis. We demonstrate for the structured composites values of d33g33 approaching 18 pm3 J−1, comparable to that of state‐of‐the‐art ceramic PZT. This relatively high value is due to the reduced inter‐particle distance in the direction of the electric field. As a confirmation, the stored electrical energy for both material systems was measured under identical mechanical loading conditions. The similar values for KNLN/PDMS and PZT demonstrate that environmentally friendly, lead‐free, mechanically compliant materials can replace state‐of‐the‐art environmentally‐less‐desirable ceramic materials in piezoelectric vibrational energy harvesters.

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“…The power generated from ambient energy can reach microwatt (µW) range and possible to run low power devices. In addition for human vibration, energy can be scavenged from the natural motion of the human chest during breathing [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra Low Power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester Using Rf, Thermal and Vibration for Biomedical Devices

Sampe

Zulkifli²,

Semsudin³

et al. 2016

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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The objective of this research is to design ultra-low power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester (HMEH) circuit using hybrid inputs of radio frequency (RF), thermal and vibration for biomedical devices. In the HMEH architecture, three input sources (RF, thermal and vibration) are combined in parallel to solve the limitation issue of a single source energy harvester and to improve the system performance. Energy will be scavenged from the human body for thermal and vibration sources by converting directly temperature difference and human movement to electrical energy. The inputs are set to 0.02V and 0.5V for thermal and vibration respectively with the frequency of 1 kHz. Meanwhile, RF source is absorbed from radio wave propagation in our surrounding. For this work, the frequency is set to 915MHz and the output voltages for input ranges of-20dBm to 5dBm are recorded. The performance analysis of the HMEH is divided into two; thermal and vibration harvester circuit and RF harvester circuit. These proposed HMEH circuits are modeled, designed and simulated using PSPICE software. Vibration produces AC input and will be converted to DC using a rectifier. A comparator is used to compare the two sources (thermal and vibration) and boost converter is proposed to step-up these small input sources. Meanwhile, due to RF large frequency, the voltage multiplier is practical for both rectify and step up the input instead of the boost converter. LC resonant network is used to amplify low ambient input of RF passively before it goes to 4-stages voltage multiplier. The proposed HMEH able to achieve the output ranges of 2.0 to 4.0V with 1MΩ load. The results obtained in this research work shows that the proposed design able to produce sufficient voltage for biomedical application requirement which lies between 2.0-4.0 V from the ambient input of 0.02 to 0.5V for thermal and vibration while-9dBm for RF signal.

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Characterization of Human Body-Based Thermal and Vibration Energy Harvesting for Wearable Devices

Cited by 132 publications

References 23 publications

Fiber‐Based Thermoelectric Generators: Materials, Device Structures, Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications

Fiber‐Based Thermoelectric Generators: Materials, Device Structures, Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications

Flexible Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Composite Materials for Energy Harvesting Applications

Ultra Low Power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester Using Rf, Thermal and Vibration for Biomedical Devices

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