Characterization of histone deacetylases and their roles in response to abiotic and PAMPs stresses in Sorghum bicolor

Abstract

Background Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play an important role in the regulation of gene expression, which is indispensable in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses. In Arabidopsis and rice, the molecular functions of HDACs have been well-described. However, systematic analysis of the HDAC gene family and gene expression in response to biotic and abiotic stresses has not been reported for sorghum. Results We conducted a systematic analysis of the sorghum HDAC gene family and identified 19 SbHDACs mainly distributed on eight chromosomes. Phylogenetic tree analysis of SbHDACs showed that the gene family was divided into three subfamilies: RPD3/HDA1, SIR2, and HD2. Tissue-specific expression results showed that SbHDACs displayed different expression patterns in different tissues, indicating that these genes may perform different functions in growth and development. The expression pattern of SbHDACs under different stresses (high and low temperature, drought, osmotic and salt) and pathogen-associated molecular model (PAMPs) elf18, chitin, and flg22) indicated that SbHDAC genes may participate in adversity responses and biological stress defenses. Overexpression of SbHDA1, SbHDA3, SbHDT2 and SbSRT2 in Escherichia coli promoted the growth of recombinant cells under abiotic stress. Interestingly, we also showed that the sorghum acetylation level was enhanced when plants were under cold, heat, drought, osmotic and salt stresses. The findings will help us to understand the HDAC gene family in sorghum, and illuminate the molecular mechanism of the responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusion We have identified and classified 19 HDAC genes in sorghum. Our data provides insights into the evolution of the HDAC gene family and further support the hypothesis that these genes are important for the plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.

Characterization of histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases and their roles in response to dehydration stress in Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta)

“…Overall, the average intron number is 0.688 per gene, comparable to the value in genome-wide (0.60) ( Wang et al., 2020 ), but much less than the value of their plant counterparts [ranging from 0 to 78 in Arabidopis ( Wang et al., 2020 )]. Besides, a similar gene structure was observed in gene members from the same subgroup in plant HAT s and HDAC s ( Pandey et al, 2002 , Liu et al., 2012 ; Du et al., 2022 ). Accordingly, Py10301 and Py03239 , being the closet members from the Class I- HDA subfamily, both had two introns, despite of a longer 3 rd exon in Py03239 .…”

ZmHDT103 Negatively Regulates Drought Stress Tolerance in Maize Seedlings

“…Sequence alignments indicated that ZmHDT103 exhibited high identities with the homologous sequences of SbHDT2, ObHDT2, AtHD2C, GhHDT4D, AtHD2A, and AtHD2B (Figure S1). Moreover, SbHDT2 controlled cell growth under abiotic stress and showed increased acetylation levels when exposed to abiotic stresses [32]. These results indicated that ZmHDT103 may be involved in the response of maize to abiotic stresses.…”

A histone deacetylase, FaSRT1‐2, plays multiple roles in regulating fruit ripening, plant growth and stresses resistance of cultivated strawberry

“…Similarly, Arabidopsis AtSRT2‐CDS3 negatively regulates the resistance against Pseudomonas DC3000 . In addition, the expression levels of sorghum SbSRT1 and SbSRT2 were significantly increased after induction with exogenous chitin (Du et al, 2022). In this study, knockout of FvSRT1 resulted in enhanced defence response against B. cinerea in strawberry plants accompanied by significant upregulation of numerous biotic stress genes ( MBL1 , PAL1 , PGIP , TLP1b ) and antioxidant enzyme genes ( SOD , CAT ).…”

“…Transient OE of FaSRT1-2 in strawberry fruitReferring to the method proposed ofChen et al (2022), a pair of specific primers were designed for amplifying the full-length CDS of FaSRT1-2. Subsequently, the amplified sequence was efficiently ligated into an OE vector pCAMBIA1301 by double digestion with XbaI and BamH I enzymes.…”