Characterization of high-power lithium-ion batteries by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. I. Experimental investigation

André, Dave; Meiler, M.; Steiner, K.; Wimmer, Christian; Soczka‐Guth, Thomas; Sauer, Dirk Uwe

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.12.102

Cited by 558 publications

(311 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The properties of lithium ion cells, such as impedance and capacity, depend strongly on variables such as operating temperature, state of charge (SOC), the current rate and the relaxation time [7][8][9]. Lithium ion batteries require organic electrolytes due to the wide operating voltage of the cell [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large format lithium ion pouch cell full thermal characterisation for improved electric vehicle thermal management

Grandjean

Barai

Hosseinzadeh

et al. 2017

Journal of Power Sources

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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or, version of record, if you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the 'permanent WRAP url' above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.  Gradients across the cell thickness can be larger than across the cell surface. Similar heat distribution between charge and discharge scenarios. Self heating increases available capacity at low temperatures *Highlights (for review) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 AbstractIt is crucial to maintain temperature homogeneity in lithium ion batteries in order to prevent adverse voltage distributions and differential ageing within the cell. As such, the thermal behaviour of a large-format 20 Ah lithium iron phosphate pouch cell is investigated over a wide range of ambient temperatures and C rates during both charging and discharging. Whilst previous studies have only considered one surface, this article presents experimental results, which characterise both surfaces of the cell exposed to similar thermal media and boundary conditions, allowing for thermal gradients in-plane and perpendicular to the stack to be quantified. Temperature gradients, caused by self-heating, are found to increase with increasing C rate and decreasing temperature to such an extent that 13.4 ± 0.7% capacity can be extracted using a 10C discharge compared to a 0.5C discharge, both at -10°C ambient temperature. The former condition causes a 18.8 ± 1.1˚C in plane gradient and a 19.7 ± 0.8˚C thermal gradient perpendicular to the stack, which results in large current density distributions and local state of charge differences within the cell. The implications of these thermal and electrical inhomogeneities on ageing and battery pack design for the automotive industry are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large format lithium ion pouch cell full thermal characterisation for improved electric vehicle thermal management

Grandjean

Barai

Hosseinzadeh

et al. 2017

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a well-proven and very accurate experimental technique used to determine the complex impedance of electrochemical systems, such as fuel cells (FC) [20], batteries [21] or supercapacitors (SC) [22]. Unlike impedance modeling techniques in the time domain, EIS tests allow us to easily fit an equivalent circuit model, which is very useful for modeling the electrical parameters of an energy system.…”

Section: Bms Effects On Impedance Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of BMSs on the Characterization and Modeling of Series and Parallel Li-Ion Packs

et al. 2017

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This work analyzes the effects of a BMS (battery management system) on the characterization and modeling of series and parallel connections of Li-ion cell packs. The Li-ion pack studied consists of four series modules connected in parallel. This pack has been characterized by means of charge, discharge and frequency tests. As a result of these tests, series and parallel influence on battery parameters have been determined. A model considering the effects of a BMS is established and compared with a model based on a single-cell approach. Experimental validations show that the single cell based approach gives poor results in comparison with a model that considers BMS effects.

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“…While it is known that cell impedance is a function of SOC, it is generally considered that there is little variation in the central SOC region at moderate temperatures [39,40] For the studies considered in this paper, the SOC of the cells is maintained between 30 and 70%. While the impedance remains constant, the open circuit voltage (OCV) is a nonlinear function of SOC.…”

Section: Cell Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a Battery Management System (BMS) Control Strategy for Vibration Aged Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lithium-Ion 18650 Battery Cells

et al. 2016

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Electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers are using cylindrical format cells as part of the vehicle's rechargeable energy storage system (RESS). In a recent study focused at determining the ageing behavior of 2.2 Ah Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lithium-Ion 18650 battery cells, significant increases in the ohmic resistance (R O ) were observed post vibration testing. Typically a reduction in capacity was also noted. The vibration was representative of an automotive service life of 100,000 miles of European and North American customer operation. This paper presents a study which defines the effect that the change in electrical properties of vibration aged 18650 NMC cells can have on the control strategy employed by the battery management system (BMS) of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). It also proposes various cell balancing strategies to manage these changes in electrical properties. Subsequently this study recommends that EV manufacturers conduct vibration testing as part of their cell selection and development activities so that electrical ageing characteristics associated with road induced vibration phenomena are incorporated to ensure effective BMS and RESS performance throughout the life of the vehicle.

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Characterization of high-power lithium-ion batteries by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. I. Experimental investigation

Cited by 558 publications

References 12 publications

Large format lithium ion pouch cell full thermal characterisation for improved electric vehicle thermal management

Large format lithium ion pouch cell full thermal characterisation for improved electric vehicle thermal management

The Influence of BMSs on the Characterization and Modeling of Series and Parallel Li-Ion Packs

Analysis of a Battery Management System (BMS) Control Strategy for Vibration Aged Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lithium-Ion 18650 Battery Cells

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