Characterization of gut microbiota composition and functions in patients with chronic alcohol overconsumption

Abstract

Excessive alcohol intake can alter the gut microbiota, which may underlie the pathophysiology of alcohol-related diseases. We examined gut microbiota composition and functions in patients with alcohol overconsumption for >10 years, compared to a control group of patients with a history of no or low alcohol intake. Faecal microbiota composition was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Gut microbiota functions were evaluated by quantification of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and predictive metagenome profiling (PICRUSt). Twenty-four patients, mean age 64.8 years (19 males), with alcohol overconsumption, and 18 control patients, mean age 58.2 years (14 males) were included. The two groups were comparable regarding basic clinical variables. Nutritional assessment revealed lower total score on the screening tool Mini Nutritional Assessment, lower muscle mass as assessed by handgrip strength, and lower plasma vitamin C levels in the alcohol overconsumption group. Bacteria from phylum Proteobacteria were found in higher relative abundance, while bacteria from genus Faecalibacterium were found in lower relative abundance in the group of alcohol overconsumers. The group also had higher levels of the genera Sutterella, Holdemania and Clostridium, and lower concentration and percentage of butyric acid. When applying PICRUSt to predict the metagenomic composition, we found that genes related to invasion of epithelial cells were more common in the group of alcohol overconsumers. We conclude that gut microbiota composition and functions in patients with alcohol overconsumption differ from patients with low consumption of alcohol, and seem to be skewed into a putative pro-inflammatory direction.

Distinct human gut microbial taxonomic signatures uncovered with different sample processing and microbial cell disruption methods for metaproteomic analysis

“…At the species level (Figure 3C), consistent with previous studies (Kolmeder et al, 2012; Zhang et al, 2017; Lin et al, 2018), we found that the main species was Faecalibacterium prausniizii (8-14%), except in S3, where Prevotella copri had an abundance of 14%. Previous studies showed that F. prausnitzii displayed beneficial effects against different alterations in the gastrointestinal tract (Bjørkhaug et al, 2019), and it had anti-inflammatory properties (Debyser et al, 2016). In the other hand, the role of P. copri in human health remains unclear.…”

An in vitro evaluation of the effects of different statins on the structure and function of human gut bacterial community

“…However, some particular drugs exert their therapeutic effects through selectively altering the structure of the gut microbiota, for example, increasing the abundance of Escherichia [46]. Sutterella is an opportunistic bacterium of the phylum Proteobacteria; human who have higher levels of the genera of Sutterella would have a lower concentration and percentage of butyric acid [47]. In https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230200.g007…”

The Combination of Lead and Bacillus coagulans R11 Increased the Concentration of Alpha-Solanine in the Cecum of Laying Hens and the Pathogens Abundance Decreased

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