Characterization of glass-ionomer cements 5. The effect of the tartaric acid concentration in the liquid component

A Rheological Study of the Role of Additives on the Setting of Glass-ionomer Cements

“…This may be because meso-tartaric acid has a higher pK, (3.2) than (+)-tartaric acid (3.0), with the result that it does not decompose the glass as readily. Crisp et al (1979) also found similar differences between meso-and (+ )-tartaric acid when indentation tests were used. of the set by (+ )-tartaric acid occurred at higher concentrations with the fluoride glass than with the oxide glass.…”

“…This is a reasonable assumption to make on general grounds and in light of the limited results of Crisp et al (1979).…”

“…Previous work has shown that (+ )-tartaric acid by itself forms cements, but these disintegrate in water, which must be because aluminum tartrate is soluble (Crisp et al, 1979;Wilson, 1968). However, with PAA cements, the addition of small amounts of (+ )-tartaric acid to PAA decreases water solubility and increases strength (Crisp et al, 1979).…”

A Rheological Study of the Role of Additives on the Setting of Glass-ionomer Cements

“…This may be because meso-tartaric acid has a higher pK, (3.2) than (+)-tartaric acid (3.0), with the result that it does not decompose the glass as readily. Crisp et al (1979) also found similar differences between meso-and (+ )-tartaric acid when indentation tests were used. of the set by (+ )-tartaric acid occurred at higher concentrations with the fluoride glass than with the oxide glass.…”

“…This is a reasonable assumption to make on general grounds and in light of the limited results of Crisp et al (1979).…”

“…Previous work has shown that (+ )-tartaric acid by itself forms cements, but these disintegrate in water, which must be because aluminum tartrate is soluble (Crisp et al, 1979;Wilson, 1968). However, with PAA cements, the addition of small amounts of (+ )-tartaric acid to PAA decreases water solubility and increases strength (Crisp et al, 1979).…”

Evaluating the physico-chemical properties of water-based and 2% lidocaine hydrochloride-based aluminum-free glass polyalkenoate cements for distal radius fixation

“…According to Crisp et al , an increased PAA concentration will increase the number of polyacid chains and chemically available COO- groups that will then bond with the glass cations, resulting in quicker Tw and Ts. 31,47 Therefore, based on the current GPC formulations used in this study, it was clear that the E9-based cements had significantly quicker rheological properties than E11-based cements and may be explained by the increased PAA concentration of E9-based cements having a greater effect on the decreased rheological properties than the increased molar mass of the E11-based cement. 31…”

Root-filling materials for endodontic surgery: biological and clinical aspects

“…Glass ionomer cements consist of an acid-decomposable fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder combined with a polyacrylic acid liquid [ 37 ]. Tartaric and maleic acids were additionally incorporated into the liquid component to act as modifiers of the setting reaction [ 38 , 39 ]. Glass ionomer cements were introduced in the 1970s [ 40 , 41 ] and have since gained popularity in clinical dentistry, particularly as restorative cements because of their adhesion to dentin via ionic exchange at the interface, and a caries-inhibitory potential through fluoride release [ 42 ].…”

A Rheological Study of the Role of Additives on the Setting of Glass-ionomer Cements

“…This may be because meso-tartaric acid has a higher pK, (3.2) than (+)-tartaric acid (3.0), with the result that it does not decompose the glass as readily. Crisp et al (1979) also found similar differences between meso-and (+ )-tartaric acid when indentation tests were used. of the set by (+ )-tartaric acid occurred at higher concentrations with the fluoride glass than with the oxide glass.…”

“…This is a reasonable assumption to make on general grounds and in light of the limited results of Crisp et al (1979).…”

“…Previous work has shown that (+ )-tartaric acid by itself forms cements, but these disintegrate in water, which must be because aluminum tartrate is soluble (Crisp et al, 1979;Wilson, 1968). However, with PAA cements, the addition of small amounts of (+ )-tartaric acid to PAA decreases water solubility and increases strength (Crisp et al, 1979).…”

Evaluating the physico-chemical properties of water-based and 2% lidocaine hydrochloride-based aluminum-free glass polyalkenoate cements for distal radius fixation

“…According to Crisp et al , an increased PAA concentration will increase the number of polyacid chains and chemically available COO- groups that will then bond with the glass cations, resulting in quicker Tw and Ts. 31,47 Therefore, based on the current GPC formulations used in this study, it was clear that the E9-based cements had significantly quicker rheological properties than E11-based cements and may be explained by the increased PAA concentration of E9-based cements having a greater effect on the decreased rheological properties than the increased molar mass of the E11-based cement. 31…”

Root-filling materials for endodontic surgery: biological and clinical aspects

“…Glass ionomer cements consist of an acid-decomposable fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder combined with a polyacrylic acid liquid [ 37 ]. Tartaric and maleic acids were additionally incorporated into the liquid component to act as modifiers of the setting reaction [ 38 , 39 ]. Glass ionomer cements were introduced in the 1970s [ 40 , 41 ] and have since gained popularity in clinical dentistry, particularly as restorative cements because of their adhesion to dentin via ionic exchange at the interface, and a caries-inhibitory potential through fluoride release [ 42 ].…”

A Rheological Study of the Role of Additives on the Setting of Glass-ionomer Cements

“…This may be because meso-tartaric acid has a higher pK, (3.2) than (+)-tartaric acid (3.0), with the result that it does not decompose the glass as readily. Crisp et al (1979) also found similar differences between meso-and (+ )-tartaric acid when indentation tests were used. of the set by (+ )-tartaric acid occurred at higher concentrations with the fluoride glass than with the oxide glass.…”

“…This is a reasonable assumption to make on general grounds and in light of the limited results of Crisp et al (1979).…”

“…Previous work has shown that (+ )-tartaric acid by itself forms cements, but these disintegrate in water, which must be because aluminum tartrate is soluble (Crisp et al, 1979;Wilson, 1968). However, with PAA cements, the addition of small amounts of (+ )-tartaric acid to PAA decreases water solubility and increases strength (Crisp et al, 1979).…”

Evaluating the physico-chemical properties of water-based and 2% lidocaine hydrochloride-based aluminum-free glass polyalkenoate cements for distal radius fixation

“…According to Crisp et al , an increased PAA concentration will increase the number of polyacid chains and chemically available COO- groups that will then bond with the glass cations, resulting in quicker Tw and Ts. 31,47 Therefore, based on the current GPC formulations used in this study, it was clear that the E9-based cements had significantly quicker rheological properties than E11-based cements and may be explained by the increased PAA concentration of E9-based cements having a greater effect on the decreased rheological properties than the increased molar mass of the E11-based cement. 31…”

Root-filling materials for endodontic surgery: biological and clinical aspects

“…Glass ionomer cements consist of an acid-decomposable fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder combined with a polyacrylic acid liquid [ 37 ]. Tartaric and maleic acids were additionally incorporated into the liquid component to act as modifiers of the setting reaction [ 38 , 39 ]. Glass ionomer cements were introduced in the 1970s [ 40 , 41 ] and have since gained popularity in clinical dentistry, particularly as restorative cements because of their adhesion to dentin via ionic exchange at the interface, and a caries-inhibitory potential through fluoride release [ 42 ].…”