Characterization of Aeolian Dust in East China and Japan from 2001 to 2003

Kanai, Yutaka; Ohta, Atsuyuki; Kamioka, Hikari; Terashima, Shigeru; Imai, Noboru; Kanai, Michiyo; Shimizu, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Yoshio; Kai, Kenji; Hayashi, Masahiko; Zhang, Renjian; Sheng, Lifang

doi:10.2151/jmsj.83a.73

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Water-soluble and water-insoluble components in dust samples were reported by Kanai et al ( , 2005 and Ohta et al (2003Ohta et al ( , 2005aOhta et al ( , 2005b ) were determined using ion chromatography Kamioka et al, 2005). The insoluble fractions trapped on a polyflon or quartz filter and filtrated using a membrane filter were decomposed using HNO 3 , HClO 4 , and HF in a Teflon beaker at 120°C for 2 h. The degraded product was evaporated to dryness under 200°C and the residue was dissolved in 10 ml of a 0.35 M HNO 3 solution.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results from three Japanese stations showed that the distribution pattern had two peaks: 2-7 µm and 0.43-0.65 µm. Kanai et al ( , 2005 and Ohta et al (2003) reported that large-scale dust events engender mass concentrations of grains; those with particle sizes of 2-7 µm particularly increased. Compared with the Beijing sample, they were not rich in coarse grains (over 7 µm) and fine particles (below 0.65 µm).…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical compositions and XANES speciations of Fe, Mn and Zn from aerosols collected in China and Japan during dust events

et al. 2006

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Variations of the chemical composition and elemental speciation of aeolian dust transported from China to Japan were investigated in this study. During 6-12 April 2002, a large-scale dust event was observed in China, Korea, and Japan. Aerosol samples collected in Beijing, Fukuoka, Nagoya, and Tsukuba at that time were used for this study. Variations of most elemental concentrations against the particle size showed similar trends to that of Al concentration. The particle size distributions indicate that myriad elements in the aerosols originated mainly from mineral aerosols. The metal/Al concentration ratios showed little difference in chemical compositions for aerosols sampled at Beijing and Japanese stations: the chemical composition of aeolian dust is conserved during transportation. Examination by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy revealed that the Fe(III)/Total Fe (T-Fe) ratios of the aerosols collected in Beijing and Fukuoka were mutually resemblant, indicating that the oxidation-reduction reaction of Fe in aeolian dust during its transportation is negligible. However, their ratios were much higher than those of China loess and simulated Asian mineral dust (Chinese geo-reference materials: CJ-1 and CJ-2). Because the aerosol grain size is much smaller than those of CJ-1 and CJ-2, the fine mineral was transported selectively by wind from top soils. It was easily oxidized and had a high Fe(III)/TFe ratio. The XANES spectra of Mn in the aerosol indicated that the Mn(III)/Total Mn (T-Mn) ratios of the aerosol collected in Fukuoka were smaller than those of the dust collected in Beijing. The ratios of the aerosols in Beijing resembled those of CJ-1 and CJ-2. Moreover, only medium grains of the aerosol in Fukuoka had high Mn(III). The other grains had an almost identical Mn(III)/T-Mn ratio as the aerosol collected in Fukuoka in the no event. Thereby, most medium grain aerosols collected in Fukuoka comprised aeolian dust coming from China with high Mn(III)/T-Mn ratios like those of CJ-1 and CJ-2, but the other grain aerosols mixed greatly with local aerosols having low Mn(III)/T-Mn ratios. On the other hand, some elements such as Zn and Pb had different Al concentration ratios from Mn and Fe. The Zn/Al and Pb/Al concentration ratios of fine grains increased tenfold to a hundredfold with the decrease of particle size. Therefore, the increasing trend for these elements indicates that the fraction of anthropogenic materials was greatly increased in fine grains. The XANES spectra of Zn suggested that the contribution of mineral aerosols decreased gradually with decreasing particle size and that the residual components were explained by Zn(NO 3 ) 2 in coarse-medium grains and ZnSO 4 in fine grains. However, Zn in aeolian dust, which is a main component of mineral aerosols, only rarely originated from anthropogenic materials when a large-scale dust event was observed.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical compositions and XANES speciations of Fe, Mn and Zn from aerosols collected in China and Japan during dust events

et al. 2006

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“…In summer (May to September), all ion concentrations were low. KANAI et al 13) reported that the total suspended particle (TSP) concentration at Naha City was high in fall to spring and low in summer. This area has heavy rainfalls in summer from plume rain and typhoons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14) In this paper, concentrations of chemical components, including 210 Pb, in aerosol samples collected at Naha, Japan are reported. Furthermore, the relationship between 34 S and 210 Pb concentrations that can be used to evaluate the long-range transported sulfur compounds in this region is presented.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentrations of Chemical Components, Including <sup>210</sup>Pb, Present in Aerosols Collected at Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, a Sub-tropical Region of Japan

Shiroma

Furukawa

Kato

et al. 2018

Jpn. J. Health Phys.

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Impacts of interactive dust and its direct radiative forcing on interannual variations of temperature and precipitation in winter over East Asia

et al. 2017

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We used two 150 year preindustrial simulations of the Community Earth System Model, one with interactive dust and the other with prescribed dust, to quantify the impacts of changes in wind during East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) season on dust emissions, and the resulting consequences for interannual variations of temperature and precipitation over East Asia. The simulated December‐January‐February dust column burden and dust optical depth are lower over northern China in the strongest EAWM years than those of the weakest years by 38.3% and 37.2%, respectively. The decrease in dust over the dust source regions and the downwind region leads to an increase in direct radiative forcing (RF) at the surface by up to 1.5 W m−2. The effects of EAWM‐related variations in surface winds, precipitation, and their effects on dust emissions and wet removal contribute 67% to the total dust‐induced variations of direct RF at the surface and partly offset the cooling that occurs with the EAWM strengthening by heating the surface. The variations of surface air temperature induced by the changes in wind and dust emissions between the strongest and weakest EAWM years (strongest minus weakest) decrease by 0.4–0.6 K from eastern coastal China to Japan, which weakens the impact of EAWM on surface air temperature by 3–18% in these regions. The warming results from the combined effects of changes in direct RF, turbulent heat flux at the surface, and northwesterly wind anomalies that bring cold and dry air from Siberia to these regions. Over eastern coastal China, the variations of large‐scale precipitation induced by the feedback of EAWM‐related changes in wind on dust emissions decrease by 10–30% in winter because of the reduced changes in surface air temperature and the anomalous circulation.

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Characterization of Aeolian Dust in East China and Japan from 2001 to 2003

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Chemical compositions and XANES speciations of Fe, Mn and Zn from aerosols collected in China and Japan during dust events

Chemical compositions and XANES speciations of Fe, Mn and Zn from aerosols collected in China and Japan during dust events

Concentrations of Chemical Components, Including <sup>210</sup>Pb, Present in Aerosols Collected at Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, a Sub-tropical Region of Japan

Impacts of interactive dust and its direct radiative forcing on interannual variations of temperature and precipitation in winter over East Asia

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