Characterization and Properties of Chitosan

Alvarenga, Elson S.

doi:10.5772/17020

Cited by 122 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The degree of deacetylation is important in establishing the structureproperty relationship of chitosan and its possible application [15]. The work of Wang et al [14] showed that the pKa increased from 6.17 to 6.51 with decrease in degree of deacetylation from 94.6% to 73.3%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Material properties of chitosan from shells of Egeria radiata: Drug delivery considerations

Majekodunmi¹,

Olorunsola²,

Ofiwe³

et al. 2017

JCLM

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amino group in chitosan has a pKa of 6.2 to 7.0 which leads to protonation of acidic to neutral solution [15]. This makes chitosan to be water-soluble at this pH range and forms a bioadhesive which readily bonds to negatively charged surfaces such as mucosal membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material properties of chitosan from shells of Egeria radiata: Drug delivery considerations

Majekodunmi¹,

Olorunsola²,

Ofiwe³

et al. 2017

JCLM

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“…Chitosan is the most significant derivative of Chitin obtained after partial deacylation, chitosan is a linear polysaccharide composed of β-(1→ 4)-linked 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose (GlcN, D-unit) and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose (GlcNAc, A-unit) [87].…”

Section: Chitin and Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Modification of Selected Polysaccharides-Review

Ogutu¹,

Mu²,

Elahi³

et al. 2015

J Food Process Technol

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This review is a survey on ultrasonic application in selected carbohydrate polymers based upon available research reports. It covers a brief discussion on the fundamentals of ultrasound technology, before delving on the effects of ultrasound on specific polymers; pectin, chitin, starch, carrageenan and guar gum, their modification products and possible applications in food, pharmaceutical, biomedical and packaging sectors. Sonication generally leads to depolymerization and side chain break within molecules resulting into oligosugars. Oligosugars are widely used as prebiotics and specific delivery systems; moreover, nano sized products of sonication can be applied in diverse fields. Presently, ultrasonic is finding application in wider sectors therefore better understanding of the complex physico-chemical changes and mechanism of the action of high-intensity ultrasound and its effect on techno-functional properties of compounds would immensely fortify the application of ultrasonic technology.

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“…Thus many techniques are available to determine the degree of deacetylation. Elson Santiago de Alvarenga (2011) published on line describing the most important parameters to be evaluated in chitosan as "deacetylation degree" (DD) [63].…”

Section: Degree Of Deacetylation (Dd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Chitosan a New Panacea? Areas of Application

Castro¹,

Paulín²

2012

The Complex World of Polysaccharides

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Chitin is a big molecule composed of -beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) monomers. There are three forms of chitin: , , and chitin. The -form, is mainly obtained from crab and shrimp. Both and chitin/chitosan are commercially available [5]. Sources of chitinIn the book "Chitin" published by Muzarelli in 1977, we can find a complete list of organisms that contain chitin: Fungi, Algae, Cnidaria (jellyfish), Aschelminthes (round worm), Entoprocta, Bryozoa (Moss or lace animals, Phoronida (Horseshoe worms), Brachiopoda(Lamp shells), Echiruda, Annelida (Segmented worms), Mollusca, Arthropoda and Ponogophora [6]). Herring, P.J in 1979 wrote that chitin is the main component of arthropod exoskeletons, tendons, and the linings of their respiratory, excretory, and digestive systems, as well as insects external structure and some fungi. It is also found in the reflective material (iridophores) of both epidermis and eyes of arthropods and cephalopods (phylum: Mollusca) and the epidermal cuticle of the vertebrate Paralipophrys trigloides (fish) is also chitinous [7,8]. The main commercial sources of chitin are the shell wastes of shrimp, lobsters, crabs and krill. There are three forms of chitin: , , and chitin. The -form, is composed of alternating antiparallel polysaccharide strands and is mainly obtained from crab and shrimp. -Chitin is by far the most abundant; it occurs in fungal and yeast cell walls, krill, lobster and crab tendons and shells, shrimp shells, and insect cuticle. The rarer -chitin is composed of parallel strands of polysaccharides, is found in association with proteins in squid pens [9,10] and in the tubes synthesized by pogonophoran and vestimetiferan worms [11,12]. It also occurs in aphrodite chaetae [13] as well as in the lorica, built by some seaweeds or protozoa [14,15,16]. And 2 parallel chains alternating with an antiparallel strand constitute gamma chitin and are found in fungi [15].

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Characterization and Properties of Chitosan

Cited by 122 publications

References 47 publications

Material properties of chitosan from shells of Egeria radiata: Drug delivery considerations

Material properties of chitosan from shells of Egeria radiata: Drug delivery considerations

Ultrasonic Modification of Selected Polysaccharides-Review

Is Chitosan a New Panacea? Areas of Application

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