Characterization and Degradation of Masonry Mortar in Historic Brick Structures

Brosnan, Denis A.

doi:10.1155/2014/859879

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The chemical analysis was carried out using a method that analyzes the filtrate containing oxides of elements present in a sample [20] ; from that, the cementation index (CI) was calculated. The cementation of historic mortars is one of the essential aspects to investigate during the characterization process [22] . The procedure identifies the element oxides such as silica (Si), aluminium (Al), iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) to be used for calculation of CI as shown in Equation ( 1) [22] .…”

Section: Methods For Materials Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Historic Mortars for Compatible Restoration: Case Study of South Africa

Loke¹,

Pallav²,

Haldenwang³

2021

12th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions

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The history of the South African construction industry dates as far back as the Castle of Good Hope (1666), Slave Lodge (1679), Robben Island (1700), Union Buildings (1913, memorials and cathedrals, among many others. These structures represent the political, slavery, liberation and religious history of South Africa and its development throughout the years, while also contributing towards economic growth through tourism. Historical buildings stand out from the rest of the modern constructions as they portray marvellous architectural designs and unique materials used for their construction. However, due to ageing and environmental conditions, they often show critical signs of deterioration, which threaten the existence of some. In attempts to rescue these national treasures, the use of Portland cement, which is considered incompatible with the original materials, has become a common practice, not only in South Africa but abroad. To avoid disparity in materials during repair of historic structures, original material characterization is therefore recommended. This paper investigates the effects of Portland cement used on the repairs of historical masonries of the Castle of Good Hope, Cape Town and buildings on Robben Island, in South Africa. The mortar samples were collected from the Castle and analyzed using the techniques such as the visual investigation, cohesion test, microscopic and titration test. It is observed that the original limebased mortars are not compatible with the Portland cement produced mortars. It was evident on the masonry, as the repairs are repelling from the original surfaces on these two structures.

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Section: Methods For Materials Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cementation of historic mortars is one of the essential aspects to investigate during the characterization process [22] . The procedure identifies the element oxides such as silica (Si), aluminium (Al), iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) to be used for calculation of CI as shown in Equation ( 1) [22] .…”

Section: Methods For Materials Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Historic Mortars for Compatible Restoration: Case Study of South Africa

Loke¹,

Pallav²,

Haldenwang³

2021

12th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions

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“…Structural evaluation of buildings [29] and stone conservation techniques and strategies [30][31][32] require an interdisciplinary approach based on scientific assessment. Preservation of such buildings requires the availability of knowledge in building techniques, precise documentation of dimensions and elevations, structural stability analysis, and materials characterization [33]. It is also required for their conservation assessment for safe use guidelines.…”

Section: Ghulammentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and cultural sustainability of the architectural elements of two historical mosques in historic Jeddah

Waheeb

2023

J. Umm Al-Qura Univ. Eng.Archit.

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The research reviews the environmental and cultural sustainability of the architectural elements of two mosques in the historical area of Jeddah, Al-Shafi’i Mosque and Al-Mimar Mosque. Through the research methodology, the environmental and cultural sustainability of the two mosques in the historical Jeddah area were compared, as how they were treated and reused in different ways and the architectural elements were analyzed. The results of the research indicate that sustainability. The environment is rebuilding some walls, reducing waste by using existing walls, not using new materials as much as possible, and reducing the entry of solar radiation into the building through wooden windows (Roshan). As for cultural sustainability, it is through contributing to a pioneering project that achieves the rehabilitation of the mosque to increase the number of worshipers and its use by visitors and residents of the city of Jeddah to be a distinguished center for reviving the meetings of the people of old Jeddah and enriching the social environment. As for economic sustainability, it is through the financial return of commercial activities around the mosque, the creation of job opportunities for Saudi youth, and the work of a distinguished pioneering project to encourage government agencies and real estate owners in the historical area of Jeddah, to carry out similar projects that support the development and economic sustainability, and achieve the vision of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2030, as the most important recommendation for research.

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“…Where: SiO 2 = silicon oxide Al 2 O 3 = aluminium oxide Fe 2 O 3 = iron oxide CaO = calcium oxide MgO = magnesium oxide According to Martínez et al (2013) and Brosnan (2014), the CI quantities as identified in Table 1 are an indication of lime and cement content in mortar samples.…”

Section: Chemical Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of heritage cementing materials for restoration purposes: A review

Loke¹,

Pallav²,

Haldenwang³

2020

J. S. Afr. Inst. Civ. Eng.

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Characterisation of heritage cementing materials has become a topic of great importance in the protection of culture and history for future generations. The original cementing material analysis helps to achieve compatible and long-term restoration of heritage buildings. The analysis is done for different purposes - research, compatibility assessment prior to restoration and/or documentation. There are several analytical techniques that many researchers use for analysing the composition of original cementing materials. However, until the present time, the choice of the analytical method depended solely on the researchers' discretion and personal preference. The common methods include microscopic, wet chemical and x-ray analyses. The purpose of this paper is to review the technical literature pertaining to the characterisation (physical, chemical, mineralogical and mechanical) of original heritage cementing materials and its application in proposed restoration work. The knowledge of originally used materials and types of binder, aggregates and additives (in some cases) is considered a useful tool in the search of the compatible repair materials by the construction industry, especially in South Africa where the standard procedure for heritage cementing material characterisation has not been well documented.

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Characterization and Degradation of Masonry Mortar in Historic Brick Structures

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Characterization of Historic Mortars for Compatible Restoration: Case Study of South Africa

Characterization of Historic Mortars for Compatible Restoration: Case Study of South Africa

Environmental and cultural sustainability of the architectural elements of two historical mosques in historic Jeddah

Characterisation of heritage cementing materials for restoration purposes: A review

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