Characteristics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and related Therapeutic Options

Huang, Boxuan; Ling, Rongsong; Cheng, Yifan; Wen, Jieqi; Dai, Yarong; Huang, Wenjie; Zhang, Siyan; Lu, Xifeng; Luo, Yi; Jiang, Yi

doi:10.1016/j.omtm.2020.06.013

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…One of the mechanisms widely studied in the invasion of the virus to the organism is the formation of the spike protein complex of SARS-CoV-2 with the human enzyme ACE2. The interest of this complex is in the fact that spike protein from SARS-CoV- 2 has more affinity with ACE2 than spike protein from SARS-CoV [ 26 ]. The computational approach has been extensively explored in studies of possible drugs against infection by SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential activity of Linezolid against SARS-CoV-2 using electronic and molecular docking study

et al. 2021

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The crescent evolution of a global pandemic COVID-19 and its respiratory syndrome (SARS-Cov-2) has been a constant concern (Ghosh 2021 ; Khan et al. 2021 ; Alazmi and Motwalli 2020 ; Vargas et al. 2020 ). The absence of a proven and effective medication has compelled all the scientific community to search for a new drug. The use of known drugs is a faster way to develop new therapies. Molecular docking is a powerful tool (Gao et al. J Mol Model 10: 44–54, 2004 ; Singh et al. J Mol Model 18: 39–51, 2012 ; Schulz-Gasch and Stahl J Mol Model 9:47–57, 2003 ) to study the interaction of potential drugs with SARS-CoV-2, Alsalme et al. ( 2020 ) and Sanders et al. ( 2020 ) spike protein as a consequence the main goal of this article is to present the result of the study of an interaction between ( R and S )-Linezolid with receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-Cov-2 spike protein complexed with human Angiostensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (6vW1 - from PDB). The Linezolid enantiomers were optimized at B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) level of theory. Molecular docking of the system ( S )-Linezolid⋯ RBD ⋯ACE2 and ( R )-Linezolid⋯ RBD ⋯ACE2 was performed, the analysis was made using LigPlot+ and NCIplot software packages, to understand the intermolecular interactions. The UV-Vis and ECD of the complexes - ( R and S )-Linezolid⋯ RBD ⋯ACE2 were performed in two layers with DFT/6-311++G(3df,2p) and DFT/6-31G(d), respectively. The results showed that only the ( S )-Linezolid had a stable interaction with − 8.05 kcal.mol − 1 , whereas all the R -enantiomeric configurations had positive values of binding energy. The ( S )-Linezolid had the same interactions as in the ( S )-Linezolid ⋯ Haluarcula morismortui Ribosomal system, where it is well-known the fact that the latter has biological activity. A specific interaction on the fluorine ring justified an attenuation on the ECD signal, in comparison to isolated species. Therefore, some biological activity of ( S )-Linezolid with SARS-CoV-2 RBD was expected, indicated by the modification of its ECD signal and justified by a similar interaction in the S -Linezolid⋯ Haluarcula marismortui Ribosomal system. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00894-021-04828-8.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential activity of Linezolid against SARS-CoV-2 using electronic and molecular docking study

et al. 2021

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“…Usually, supportive therapy treatment is given to patients to sustain adequate caloric intake, water, and electrolyte balance. The treatment methods such as immuno-, oxygen, and antiviral therapy, and organ support prevent and control cytokine storms, acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ failure, and secondary hospital infections [155][156][157].…”

Section: Biomaterials For Developing Prophylaxis and Treatment For Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most widely used drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 patients comprise antiviral drugs [158,159], antiinflammatory drugs [160], and monoclonal antibodies [161]. The antiviral drugs' mechanism of action range from targeting viral proteins to cellular proteins and increasing the immune response to the viral infection [157]. Some of the clinically used drugs are Ribavirin [162], Lopinavir/Ritonavir [163], Remdesivir [164], Darunavir [165], Favipiravir [166], Sofosbuvir [167], Dexamethasone [168], and Chloroquine [164].…”

Section: Theraputicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of biomaterials in the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and study of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

et al. 2021

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Recently emerged novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) led to urgent search for methods to prevent and treat COVID-19. Among important disciplines that were mobilized is the biomaterials science and engineering. Biomaterials offer a range of possibilities to develop disease models, protective, diagnostic, therapeutic, monitoring measures, and vaccines. Among the most important contributions made so far from this field are tissue engineering, organoids, and organ-on-a-chip systems, which have been the important frontiers in developing tissue models for viral infection studies. Also, due to low bioavailability and limited circulation time of conventional antiviral drugs, controlled and targeted drug delivery could be applied alternatively. Fortunately, at the time of writing this paper, we have two successful vaccines and new at-home detection platforms. In this paper, we aim to review recent advances of biomaterial-based platforms for protection, diagnosis, vaccination, therapeutics, and monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 and discuss challenges and possible future research directions in this field.

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“…Researchers around the globe are working hard to discover effective antiviral agents, immunity modulators and vaccines, but an effective remedy is not yet in sight [ 2 ]. There is limited evidence for the efficacy of repurposed antiviral agents, antimalarials, steroids and plasma therapy in mitigating the severity of the disease or improving the clinical outcomes [ 3 ]. As the pandemic is escalating globally, the health care system even in developed nations are being overwhelmed by increasing number of patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of Ayurvedic care in a COVID-19 patient with hypoxia – A case report

Joshi¹,

Manohar²

2022

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

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This paper reports for the first time, the outcomes of Ayurvedic intervention in a COVID-19 patient with severe hypoxia requiring supportive oxygen therapy. Patient developed fever, severe cough, loss of smell, loss of taste, nasal block, anorexia, headache, body ache, chills, and fatigue and was hospitalised when she developed severe breathing difficulty. Later, she tested positive for COVID-19 by RT PCR. The patient sought Ayurvedic treatment voluntarily when her SPO2 remained at 80% even after being given oxygen support. The patient was administered Ayurvedic medicines while undergoing oxygen therapy at the hospital. The patient refused to take Fabiflu recommended by the treating physician and discontinued other allopathic drugs except for Vitamin C. The patient showed clinical improvement within a day of administration of Ayurvedic medicines and was able to talk, eat, and sit on the bed without breathing difficulty and her SPO2 became stable between 95 and 98%. In the next two days, she was asymptomatic without oxygen support and was discharged from the hospital in the following week. Since obesity and high plasma CRP indicated high risk for progression to severe disease, the favourable outcomes with Ayurvedic treatment in this patient is significant and warrants further studies. Ayurveda care may be considered as first-line cost-effective alternative for COVID-19 patients presenting with symptomatic hypoxia in an integrative setup.

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Characteristics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and related Therapeutic Options

Cited by 29 publications

References 99 publications

Potential activity of Linezolid against SARS-CoV-2 using electronic and molecular docking study

Potential activity of Linezolid against SARS-CoV-2 using electronic and molecular docking study

Role of biomaterials in the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and study of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Outcomes of Ayurvedic care in a COVID-19 patient with hypoxia – A case report

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