Characteristics of HONO and its impact on O3 formation in the Seoul Metropolitan Area during the Korea-US Air Quality study

Gil, Junsu; Kim, Jeong‐Hwan; Lee, Meehye; Lee, Gangwoong; Ahn, Joonyoung; Lee, Dong Hoon; Jung, Jinsang; Cho, Seogju; Whitehill, Andrew; Szykman, J.; Lee, Jeong-Hoon

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.118182

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…The average deposition velocity Vd between 18:00-6:00 was calculated to be 2.5 cm s −1 , which is within the range of prior researches (0.5-6 cm s −1 ) (Harrison and Kitto, 1994;Harrison et al, 1996;Spindler et al;. It should be noted that heterogeneous conversion of NO2-HONO has not been taken into account, so 2.5 cm s −1 is the lower limit of dry deposition velocity.…”

Section: Removal Of Hono Through Dry Depositionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…HONO was measured by a custom-built LOPAP (LOng Path Absorption Photometer) based on wet chemical sampling and photometric detection (Heland et al, 2001). Ambient air is sampled into an external sampling unit consisting of two similar stripping coils in series.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection limit, time resolution and uncertainty of the measurement were 5 pptv, 15 min and 8 %, respectively. More detailed information of LOPAP instrument can be found in previous studies (Heland et al, 2001;Kleffmann et al, 2006;.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, OH radicals can initiate the oxidation of the volatile organic compounds (VOC) to produce hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2) and organic peroxy radicals (RO2). These free radicals can further lead to the formation of ozone (O3) in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx) Finlayson-Pitts and Pitts, 2000;Hofzumahaus et al, 2009;Lelieveld et al, 2016;Tan et al, 2018). Up to 33-92 % OH formation can be attributed to HONO photolysis in both rural and urban sites Michoud et al, 2012;Tan et al, 2017;Hendrick et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These free radicals can further lead to the formation of ozone (O3) in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx) Finlayson-Pitts and Pitts, 2000;Hofzumahaus et al, 2009;Lelieveld et al, 2016;Tan et al, 2018). Up to 33-92 % OH formation can be attributed to HONO photolysis in both rural and urban sites Michoud et al, 2012;Tan et al, 2017;Hendrick et al, 2014). However, the detailed formation mechanisms of HONO are still not well understood and the observed HONO concentrations cannot be completely explained by current research (Sörgel et al, 2011a;Sarwar et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2019a;Liu et al, 2020c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Budget of nitrous acid (HONO) and its impacts on atmospheric oxidation capacity at an urban site in the fall season of Guangzhou, China

Cheng

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Nitrous acid (HONO) can produce hydroxyl radicals (OH) by photolysis and plays an important role in atmospheric photochemistry. Over the years, high concentrations of HONO have been observed in the Pearl River Delta region (PRD) of China, which may be one reason for the elevated atmospheric oxidation capacity. A comprehensive atmospheric observation campaign was conducted at an urban site in Guangzhou from 27 September to 9 November 2018. During the period, HONO was measured from 0.02 to 4.43 ppbv with an average of 0.74 ± 0.70 ppbv. The emission ratios (HONO/NOx) of 0.9 ± 0.4 % were derived from 11 fresh plumes. The primary emission rates of HONO at night were calculated to be between 0.04 ± 0.02 ppbv h−1 and 0.30 ± 0.15 ppbv h−1 based on a high-resolution emission inventory. The HONO formation rate by the homogeneous reaction of OH + NO at night was 0.26 ± 0.08 ppbv h−1, which can be seen as secondary results from primary emission. They were both much higher than the increase rate of HONO (0.02 ppbv h−1) during night. Soil emission rate of HONO at night was calculated to be 0.019 ± 0.001 ppbv h−1. Assuming dry deposition as the dominant removal process of HONO at night, and a deposition velocity of at least ~2.5 cm s−1 is required to balance the direct emissions and OH + NO reaction. Correlation analysis shows that NH3 and relative humidity (RH) may participate in the heterogeneous transformation from NO2 to HONO at night. In the daytime, the average primary emission Pemis was 0.12 ± 0.01 ppbv h−1, and the homogeneous reaction POH + NO was 0.79 ± 0.61 ppbv h−1, larger than the unknown sources PUnknown (0.65 ± 0.46 ppbv h−1). These results suggest primary emissions as a key factor affecting HONO at our site, both during daytime and nighttime. Similar to previous studies, the daytime unknown source of HONO, PUnknown, appeared to be related to the photo-enhanced conversion of NO2. The daytime average OH production rates by photolysis of HONO was 3.7 × 106 cm−3 s−1, lower than that from O1D + H2O at 4.9 × 106 cm−3 s−1. Simulations of OH and O3 with the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) box model suggested strong enhancement effect of HONO on OH and O3 by 59 % and 68.8 %, respectively, showing a remarkable contribution of HONO to the atmospheric oxidation in the fall season of Guangzhou.

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Section: Removal Of Hono Through Dry Depositionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%