Characteristics of Gas–Liquid–Solid Products in Corn Straw Gasification: Effect of the Char–Tar–H₂O Interaction

Abstract

The characteristics of gas–liquid–solid products during corn straw–H2O gasification were studied by the one-stage fluidized-bed/fixed-bed quartz reactor. The results indicate that the transformation between gas and solid products is mainly presented with the increase of feeding time (0–40 min). The aromaticity of biochar decreases slightly in the feeding period of 10–20 min but gradually increases in 20–40 min. The oxygen-containing functional groups in biochar increase gradually with the increase of the feeding time. The K content in biochar increases by 27% in 10–30 min, while that of Ca increases by 36% in 10–20 min. When the carbon conversion rate is less than 8%, the reactivity of biochar produced by 30 min of feeding is highest. The contents of phenol and 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran of tar increase by 25 and 34%, respectively in 20–40 min. The char–tar–H2O interaction in biomass gasification is a two-stage reaction. The first stage is dominated by the volatile–char interactions, while the second stage is mainly due to the char–H2O reaction.

Energy, Exergy and Economic Analyses of a Combined Heating and Power System with Turbine-Driving Fans and Pumps in Northeast China

“…This would be a more efficient way for further energy utilization than a typically combined cooling, heating, and power system [46,47]. Biomass energy has great potential utilization value because of its renewability, low carbon dioxide emission, and high hydrogen content [48], and Northeast China is an important grain production base, and rich in biomass resources, so biomass can be considered as the fuel for the system's further transformation.…”

Impacts of Organic Structures and Inherent Minerals of Coal on Soot Formation during Pyrolysis

“…As shown in Figure 5, the HCl-washing method used in this work has little effect on the organic structure of coal. The most obvious change is that the absorption peak of stretching vibration of C=O in the carboxyl group of acid-washed coal at about 1700 cm −1 increased [38]. This is due to the replacement of metal ions in carboxylate in coal by H-ion during acid-washing, which made the content of the carboxyl group in acid-washed coal increase.…”

An experimental study on the removal of submicron fly ash and black carbon in a gravitational wet scrubber with electrostatic enhancement

“…It is predicted that coal will remain the second-largest primary energy source until 2040. 1,2 Thus, reducing the particulate matter emitted by coal combustion remains an exacting task, [3][4][5][6] particularly for a large number of small-scale industrial boilers. On account of inefficient combustion modes, these boilers can produce not only a substantial number of submicron y ash but also black carbon, 7 which might cause extremely detrimental effects on both human health and the atmospheric environment.…”