Characteristics and usefulness of transabdominal ultrasonography in immune-mediated colitis

Abstract

ry diseases; the latter are called "immune-related adverse events" (irAEs). 10 Among irAE-related studies, patients diagnosed with immune-mediated colitis (IMC) based on imaging data and abdominal symptoms accounted for 5% to 16% of those treated with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies and 1% to 2% of those treated with anti-programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1)/anti-PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies. 11 IMC can occur at any time, i.e., in some cases, IMC develops a few days after initiating treatment, while in others, enteritis develops several months after completing ICI therapy. 12 Therefore, proper evaluation and treatment of diarrhea and enteritis is essential after initiating ICI therapy. 13 To diagnose IMC, tests such as stool culture, Clostridium toxin test, serum cytomegalovirus antigen

Gut microbiome on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and consequent immune-related colitis: a review

“…51 Although cross-sectional imaging by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging has a limited role in diagnosing ICI-induced colitis, it may be useful in patients with severe symptoms (fever, severe pain) to rule out serious complications, such as perforation. 50 In a recent prospective study by Sakurai et al, 53 the ultrasonographic findings of ICI-induced colitis were determined along with the colonoscopic index. The authors indicated that these findings were primarily similar to those of ulcerative colitis and that ultrasonography could be useful for noninvasive monitoring of patients with ICI-induced colitis.…”