Characteristic Profiles of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Different Subtypes of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Abstract

Background/Aims: The purposes of this study were to describe restrictions in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to assess different patterns of IADL in each MCI subtype. Methods: A total of 566 participants, those not cognitively impaired (NCI; n = 311) and MCI patients (n = 255), 60–94 years old (71.25 ± 6.00), were examined. Neuropsychological tests were administered to participants, and each MCI patient was classified into one of four subtypes. They completed the Barthel ADL and Seoul-IADL (S-IADL) for ADL measures. Results: There was a significant difference between NCI and MCI in terms of total S-IADL scores. ANOVA and a post hoc Dunnett analysis revealed that MCI patients performed significantly worse on four out of a total 15 items (i.e. telephone, transportation, finances and household appliances). ANCOVA showed a significant difference in S-IADL-MCI (4 of 15 items) between NCI and amnestic MCI-multiple domains after adjusting for age, gender, education and Geriatric Depression Scale (F = 4.257, d.f. = 1,556, p = 0.002). Conclusion: These findings suggest that scorings of specific IADL items are different in MCI subjects, and these items can possibly help in the identification of MCI subtypes, especially amnestic MCI-multiple domains.

Functional Disability Profiles in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

“…One Korean study, using the Seoul IADL test, demonstrated that md-aMCI patients had impairment in the same IADL items, except medication [25]. Functional disabilities in our md-aMCI subjects also involved meal preparation, housework, and leisure.…”

“…Subjects with isolated memory impairment were defined as sd-aMCI, and subjects with impairment of memory plus one or more other cognitive domain (scores greater than 1.0 SD below the scores of normal aged control subjects) were defined as md-aMCI. Executive impairment was defined as impairment on at least two of the VF, TMT-B, SCW, and DBS tests [25]. Language impairment was recognized by impairment in BNT, and visuospatial impairment was defined by impairment in a copy of CFT.…”

Capacidade funcional e fatores associados em idosos: estudo populacional

“…The association between cognitive impairment and dependence in IADL shows the importance of this aspect for performing activities that require a higher level of independence and autonomy. IADL variables, such as using the telephone, managing money and medication are tasks that require multiple cognitive functions such as memory and planning, making them more vulnerable to this commitment (26) . In another study, intellectual activity and social role, factors related to cognitive status were identified as predominant for functional decline in the IADL only (24) .…”

Questions About Medication Management

“…In general, persons with MCI report more difficulties than healthy elderly individuals with engaging in social conversation, telephone use, finding belongings, grocery shopping, driving, and medication management (Aretouli & Brandt, 2009; Muangpaisan, Assantachai, Intalapaporn, & Pisansalakij, 2008; Kim et al, 2009; Peres et al, 2006; Ryu, Ha, Park, Yu, & Livingston, 2010; Schmitter-Edgecombe, Woo, & Greeley, 2009; Wadley et al, 2008). Psychological well-being has been examined in four studies of people with MCI and has included measures of life satisfaction, mastery, affect, and social interaction (Ready, Ott, & Grace, 2004).…”