CHAPTER 5 Cash for care? Researching the linkages between social protection and children’s care in Rwanda

Roelen, Keetie; Chettri, Helen Karki; Delap, Emily

doi:10.3362/9781780448435.005

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Research on this programme modality has highlighted outcomes particularly on the quality of childcare, child wellbeing, and child work. Research on a public works programme in Rwanda highlights that the programme can compromise carers' ability to provide high-quality care, and how childcare services at the work site or the establishment of wider community-based childcare mechanisms can enable improved impact on child wellbeing, quality of care, and family separation and reunification (Roelen and Shelmerdine 2014). Design features meant to increase women's empowerment can instead amplify girls' disadvantages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While social assistance programmes are ongoing, they have been found to relieve the stress that people and households are under during crises, as people are able to provide for themselves and their families (Blackwell et al 2019;Cross et al 2018;Simon 2019). For example, research on public works programming in Rwanda shows that an inclusive programme design (i.e., with childcare services at the work site or the establishment of wider community-based childcare mechanisms) can improve children's wellbeing (Roelen and Shelmerdine 2014). For women in Syria, having money of their own gives them a sense of power and dignity (Blackwell et al 2019).…”

Section: Improved Health Education and Wellbeingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Risks and Outcomes of Getting Help for Marginalised People: Navigating Access to Social Assistance in Crises

Rohwerder¹,

Szyp²

2022

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Crises exacerbate existing inequalities and vulnerabilities for marginalised people, including women and girls, children and youth, older people, people with disabilities, ethnic and religious minorities, and sexual and gender minorities. Many of them face multiple and intersecting inequalities, especially people who are forcibly displaced. Social assistance seeks to alleviate crisis impacts by protecting vulnerable people and averting them from deprivation, but the same structures and systems that make some people more exposed (and excluded) generally can exclude them from social assistance in crises and further undermine their situation. There is substantial literature that already discusses the benefits and opportunities of social assistance generally. The added value of this paper is in examining the risks of navigating access to social assistance in crises for these marginalised people, and the positive and negative outcomes of accessing or not accessing this assistance. The existing evidence suggests that social assistance can improve marginalised people’s food security, help households meet their basic needs, reduce stress and household tensions, reduce gender-based violence, improve health, education, and wellbeing, and reduce negative coping mechanisms. However, it can also disrupt their social support mechanisms and expose them to violence and further risks. Such risks – some of which also apply to those who are excluded from social assistance, and which do not apply to all marginalised people all the time similarly – include neglect, discrimination, sexual exploitation and abuse, increased household and community tensions, gender-based violence, stigma, theft, and accessibility issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Improved Health Education and Wellbeingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risks and Outcomes of Getting Help for Marginalised People: Navigating Access to Social Assistance in Crises

Rohwerder¹,

Szyp²

2022

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“…The inclusion of psychosocial support as a core component of social protection programmes is also increasingly considered in strengthening the linkages between social protection and child protection. Nevertheless, many questions remain regarding the appropriate remit and implementation of such support (Roelen et al 2016b).…”

Section: Psycho-social Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As receipt of the grant goes hand-in-hand with regular monitoring and supervision by social workers and placement reviews by the courts, the social work and judicial systems are under great pressure with delays and payment arrears as a result. While the programme was originally designed as a child protection mechanism, many children living without their biological parents have turned the FCG into a de facto poverty reduction scheme, calling in question the need for social worker assessments and follow-up for all cases (Roelen et al 2016b). More generally, the notion of 'cash plus' presupposes a centrality of cash transfers that may not be appropriate in all contexts.…”

Section: 'Cash Plus' Components Need To Be Fit-for-purposementioning

confidence: 99%

How to Make ‘Cash Plus’ Work

Roelen¹,

Devereux²,

Abdulai³

et al. 2017

Innocenti Working Papers

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The broad-ranging benefits of cash transfers are now widely recognized. However, the evidence base highlights that they often fall short in achieving longer-term and second-order impacts related to nutrition, learning outcomes and morbidity. In recognition of these limitations, several 'cash plus' initiatives have been introduced, whereby cash transfers are combined with one or more types of complementary support. This paper aims to identify key factors for successful implementation of these increasingly popular 'cash plus' programmes, based on (i) a review of the emerging evidence base of 'cash plus' interventions and (ii) an examination of three case studies, namely, Chile Solidario in Chile, IN-SCT in Ethiopia and LEAP in Ghana. The analysis was guided by a conceptual framework proposing a menu of 'cash plus' components. The assessment of three case studies indicated that effective implementation of 'cash plus' components has indeed contributed to greater impacts of the respective programmes. Such initiatives have thereby addressed some of the non-financial and structural barriers that poor people face and have reinforced the positive effects of cash transfer programmes. In design of such programmes, further attention should be paid to the constraints faced by the most vulnerable and how such constraints can be overcome. We conclude with recommendations regarding the provision of complementary support and cross-sectoral linkages based on lessons learned from the case studies. More research is still needed on the impact of the many variations of 'cash plus' programming, including evidence on the comparative roles of individual 'plus' components, as well as the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour pathways which influence these impacts.

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“…Monitoring and evaluation, as noted, are critical components for the successful implementation of a policy programme. According to Hogwood and Gunn (1984:220) According to the literature, the overall goal of social grants or social protection programmes is to alleviate poverty while also having the potential to foster economic growth (Van der Walt, 2018; Roelen et al, 2017;Schubert and Beales, 2006). Social grants in the form of cash transfers have the potential to develop human capital by assisting disadvantaged families in maintaining their health and the health of their children by improving nutrition and making it possible for their children to attend school (Roelen et al, 2017;Schubert and Beales, 2006:28).…”

Section: (B) Long Queues and Not Receiving Money At Allmentioning

confidence: 99%

The implementation of the foster child grant: a case study of the experiences of caregivers and implementers in the Umgungundlovu District

Ngubane

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The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of foster parents. It also examined the experiences of foster care programme implementers. There has been an increase in the number of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) who require care and protection, and while there is a wealth of literature and legislative frameworks that address their needs and care, little is known about the lived experiences of their primary caregivers. The study aimed to address this gap. Many studies on the implementation of foster care services have been conducted but the focus of these studies has been on interviewing social workers (as key participants). This study differs in that all key stakeholders were interviewed to gain a better understanding of the study phenomenon. Based on a case study approach, the findings show that foster parents, as the primary caregivers of OVC, face a variety of challenges including dealing with foster children who display behavioural issues, family and community interference with their foster care roles and responsibilities, and a lack of support from welfare agencies. The study's findings also show that a key barrier to efficient and effective foster care implementation is a lack of administrative capacity while other barriers include political interference and a lack of senior management support.The significance of this study rests in its contribution to the body of knowledge on foster care services through the recommendations that follow: The study recommends, based on its findings, that a comprehensive needs assessment be carried out in foster families before a child is placed with them and that programmes and policies that are informed by the real-life circumstances of these families be explored. The needs assessment approach must include foster parents' needs, and it must be ensured that foster parents, who play a critical part in raising foster children, are psychologically, spiritually, financially, and physically prepared to take on the duty.For effective implementation of the foster care programme, it is recommended that comprehensive research and expert consultation be conducted before policy development and that personnel training, the availability of necessary resources, and monitoring of policy implementation are essential in terms of the policy's success. It is also recommended that a collaborative approach between bureaucrats and key policy programme implementing partners be established. This includes developing a clear legislative framework or policy document that includes all relevant stakeholders, their roles and responsibilities, and a clear application procedure. The implementing agencies must be provided with new and enhanced existing technologies to simplify the application, verification, and selection criteria processes for all v involved in the foster programme implementation including, importantly, the recipients of the programme.vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the foster parents from the four municipalities w...

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CHAPTER 5 Cash for care? Researching the linkages between social protection and children’s care in Rwanda

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

The Risks and Outcomes of Getting Help for Marginalised People: Navigating Access to Social Assistance in Crises

The Risks and Outcomes of Getting Help for Marginalised People: Navigating Access to Social Assistance in Crises

How to Make ‘Cash Plus’ Work

The implementation of the foster child grant: a case study of the experiences of caregivers and implementers in the Umgungundlovu District

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