Changes in the cervical spine in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Thoracic scoliosis and restricted neck motion: a new syndrome?

“…Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is known frequently to involve the cervical spine, giving rise to a stiff neck in its initial stages [5].…”

“…When limited neck motion is associated with scoliosis the most likely diagnosis is Klippel-Feil syndrome [5]. In this syndrome a short neck with marked motion limitation results from congenital cervical interbody fusion(s).…”

Cervical arthritis as presentation of oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis

“…The cervical spine (CS) is commonly affected in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), especially in systemic and polyarticular subtypes [1][2][3][4], usually as a late complication [1][2][3]. In the first 6 months of JIA, CS is seldom involved and even less as single arthritis [1,5].…”

“…CS is rarely affected in the first 1-2 years from the onset of JIA [1]. In oligoarticular JIA (oJIA), cervical arthritis is also rare over the course of the disease [1,2,4], being exceptional as presentation [1,2,4,5].…”

Early Atlantoaxial Subluxation in Enthesitis-related Arthritis

“…Atlantoaxial subluxation is well recognized as a late complication of juvenile arthritis 1 . Early subluxation is uncommon, but it has been reported in 2 patients with juvenile ankylosing spondylitis (AS) 2,3 and in 2 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) 4,5 .…”